| The high strength microwave radiation can produce a biology effect to the machine body and result in various injuries, and the effect included heat effect and not hot effect. The hot effect could cause DNA abnormal synthesis and dysfunctional structure, cell apoptosis, increase of free radicals, and disequilibrium of oxidize and anti-oxidize system. Currently, these haven't seen the ideal prevention or cure against microwave injury.Quinacrine (QA) once was the in common used medicine of the anti-malaria, and was proved to have the function of attenuate hot injury. Function of QA may probably be involved in the inhibition of cell membrane phospholipids metabolism and stabilization cell membrane fluidity, however, seldom research work was focused on the effect of Quinacrine on microwave radiation induced injury. Our previous data showed that QA could increase mice survival after high strength microwave radiation, therefore, this work firstly observed the effect of Quinacrine on microwave radiation induced injury on BALB/c mice, and then effect on the apoptosis and necrosis of precursor neural cells (neural differentiation from PC-12 cells).Main results as follow:A Effect of Quinacrine on Microwave Radiation induced injury on miceBALB/c mice were suffered from microwave radiation with the total intensity of 50mW/cm2 for 30 min, 1 hour before which QA (12.6mg/kg or 50.4mg/kg) was orally administrated. Mice received same volume of water for injection instead of QA were named as microwave radiation group (MR group), and mice received no microwave radiation but stay in microwave radiation environment also for 30 min were set as control. Test and examination were fulfilled respectively at 1 day, 2 days and 7 days after radiation. Results showed that microwave radiation increased the number of peripheralgranulocytes and lymphocyte gradually, while Quinacrine pre-treatment diminished the increase. 7 days after radiation, the number of peripheral granulocytes and lymphocyte of MR group were significantly higher than control, while, that of QA administration groups was lower than MR group but still higher than the control level. Microwave radiation also increased the concentration of peripheral IL-1βand IL-6 during the first 2 days, and Quinacrine administration decreased the rise of interleukins level.Pathologic results showed that microwave radiation injured mice on the heart, lung, small intestines and testicle, and resulted into lung bleeding, cell swelling and hyperemia, while Quinacrine administration attenuated above-mentioned injury. Further, western blot results showed that the level of heat stroke protein 70 (HSP70) in mice brain, heart, lung and testicle were decreased because of microwave radiation, and Quinacrine administration could raise HSP70 expression in these organs. The mechanism still need further study.B Effect of Quinacrine on Microwave Radiation induced injury on PC-12 cellsThe PC12 cells were induced to neural differentiation by NGF, and after 7-9 days cells link into a net. Differentiated cells were identified with specific antibodies against Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) and Neuronfilament (NF). Immunohistochemistric results showed that 90% differentiated cells were NSE positive and over 70% differentiated cells were NF positive.PC12 differentiated cells received 50 mW/cm2 microwave radiation for 15 min, and 3 hours and 6 hours after radiation cell apoptosis and narcosis were detected. Discover as a result that QA pretreatment rescued cell apoptosis and necrosis induced by radiation, particularly at QA high dosage.Putting together, QA could obviously attenuate the increase of mice peripheral white blood cells, partly prevent radiation induced increase of mice serum IL-1βand IL-6 levels, and diminish organs injury including heart, lung, small intestines and testicle. The protection mechanism could probably be involved in the raise of HSP70 expression and decrease of apoptosis as well as necrosis. |
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