| Objective:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most commonmalignant tumors in the Urinary system and the incidence rate is onlyinferior to bladder cancer, which ranks the second place in the Urinarysystem. As same as other kinds of carcinoma, the formation andprogression of RCC is not only affected by the external environmentalfactors, but also closely related to the changes of genetic expression. Thelatest study found that the TGF-β (transforming growth factor β)signaling pathway is closely related to the formation and progression ofmany tumors. TGF-β regulates the cell proliferation, differentiation andapoptosis through its receptors (T β R Ⅰ, T β R Ⅱ) and downstreamSmads proteins. The anomalies of factors in TGF-β signaling pathwaycould cause the cell malignant changes. To analyze the role of TGF-βsignaling pathway plays in RCC, immunohistochemistry was used toinvestigate the expression of TβRⅠand Smad4in renal clear cellcarcinoma (RCCC), and to further study their roles and correlation in theprocess of formation, progression and metastasis of RCCC. The researchwas also designed to present a potential application in the treatment ofrenal cell carcinoma.Methods:1, Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the proteinexpression of TβRⅠand Smad4in58cases of RCC(clear cell type),36cases of Peritumoral tissues and25cases of normal renal tissues; Tostatistically analyze whether the changes of TβRⅠ,Smad4proteinexpression were associated with the clinical stages,pathologic grades,lymph node metastasis and tumor size of RCCC.2,SPSS13.0was used to analyze the data of the experiment.P≤0.05 was indicating significant difference.Results:1,TβRⅠmainly expressed in cytoplasm, occasionally in the cellmembrane and its expression intensity was weak in RCCC. Its positiveexpression rate in RCCC,peritumoral tissues and normal renal tissueswas51.7%,80.6%and88.0%respectively; The positive expression ofTβRⅠ in RCCC compared with that in peritumoral and normal renaltissues was significantly different (P<0.05),but the statistic differencebetween peritumoral tissues and normal renal tissues was not significant(P>0.05).2,The positive expression rate of TβRⅠ reduced as the rise ofclinical stages and Pathologic grades. The positive rate was higher in thegroup of tumor diameter≤7.0cm than that in the group of tumor diameter＞7.0cm. The positive rate in the group of lymph node metastasis andlymph node non-metastasis was11.8%(2/17)and68.3%(28/41), thestatistic difference was significant (P<0.05), whereas the expression ofTβRⅠ was correlated with neither gender nor age,the statistic differencewas not significant (P>0.05).3,Smad4mainly expressed in cytoplasm and its expression intensitywas weak in RCCC, by contrast, the expression intensity in peritumoraltissues and normal renal tissues was strong. Its positive expression rate inRCCC,peritumoral tissues and normal renal tissues was56.9%,86.1%and84.0%respectively. The positive expression of Smad4in RCCCcompared with that in peritumoral tissues and normal renal tissues wassignificantly different (P<0.05), but there was no significant differencebetween peritumoral tissues and normal renal tissues (P>0.05).4,The positive expression rate of Smad4reduced as the rise ofclinical stages and pathologic grades, but the statistic difference betweenthe group of well and moderately differentiated was not significant(P>0.05), meanwhile, the statistic difference in every other two groupswas significant(P<0.05). Reduced expression of Smad4showed a significant association with tumor size and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). No significant difference was found between the age andgender group (P>0.05).5,There existed a positive correlation between the expression ofTβRⅠand Smad4.Conclusions:1,The expression of TβRⅠand Smad4in RCCC is significantlylower than that in peritumoral and normal renal tissues, which suggeststhat the reduction of TβRⅠand Smad4could be involved in the formationof RCCC.2,The expression of TβRⅠand Smad4is correlated with clinicalstages, Pathologic grades and tumor diameter, but not correlated withneither gender nor age, Their positive expression rate reduced as the riseof clinical stages and Pathologic grade, which suggests that the down-regulation or deletion of TβRⅠand Smad4may be contributed toprogression and invasion of RCCC.3,TβRⅠand Smad4are correlated with lymph node metastasis,which suggests that deletion of TβRⅠand Smad4may be involved inmetastasis of RCCC.4,There exists a positive correlation between the expression ofTβRⅠand Smad4. The interaction between these two factors maycontribute to formation, invasion and metastasis of RCCC. |
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