BMSCs Transplantation After Spinal Cord Injury Promote Neurological Recovery

Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI), with the progress of socialdevelopment and transport, spinal cord injury caused by injury in aerial workor traffic accident has become a hazard to human health disorders commonly.It bring about a heavy economic burden and mental stress. Now the effectobtained by clinical he treatment is not obvious,the patients were exposed toserious complications and sequela. Stem cells involved in the treatment of SCIas a burgeoning hotspot. Stem cells (SCs) refers to maintaining the capacity ofmself-renew and ulti-directional differentiation of cells. SCs exists inembryonic organizations and other organizations. The capacity ofmulti-directional differentiation of SCs refers to the ability of cells through theasymmetric division, other than its own. Stem cells (SCs) can be divided intoembryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Adult stem cells includingmesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs, adipose stem cells,muscle-derived stem cells, and so on. Bone marrow-derived MSCs have beena hot topic of the latest research. Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) arecapable of a wide sources, a simple way of culture and separation, economy,practicality, low immunogenicity, the more differentiation and the morestability to genetic traits. BMSCs become one of the seeding cells for stem cellresearch. More, BMSCs could display some of the morphologicalcharacteristics of nerve cells and expression of some special proteins, andprovides a new idea for the treatment of a variety of neurological diseases. Thepossible mechanism of BMSCs to treat spinal cord injury was not stilluniform.From now on, in the animal studies, there were been difficult in thedynamic detection of living experimental animals.With the advent ofmolecular imaging(MI), especially the MRI, due to providing the capacity of a cellular level can be achieved theoretically, allows the dynamic detection ofstem cells in vivo to become a reality by using the MRI contrast agent. Thereare two kinds of MRI contrast agent: one generating T1positive contrasteffects-gadolinium (Gd), the other generating strong T2negative contrasteffects-Fe, consisting of a single crystal or polycrystalline iron oxide, SPIO asthe representative. SPIO was more used of in animal experiments and clinical.It is hightly sensitiv to external magnetic field, so the single SPIO-labeledstem cell can be detected theoretically. The SPIO-labeled stem cells Show lowT2signal intensity in the role of an external magnetic field, therefore using ofthe sequence of T2WI or T2*WI, rather than the T1sequence. Thisexperiment is further confirm that the MSCs markers and tracer in vivo, andthe effect of BMSCs in the treatment of SCI. laid a solid foundation for thefollowing studies: how to properly resolve the oriented differentiation ofBMSCs, and the capacity of differentiation reduced gradually over time; howto futher research related to the mechanism for forming functional neuralconnection in axonal regeneration by signal transduction pathways; how to beclear the problem of neuron-like cells by differentiation could play a role ofneuron cell, and so on.Methods:40New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into2groups: group A(spinal cord injury in the control group), group B (NSCstransplantation in the treatment group): group A:cut spinal canal and accordingto Allen, produced spinal cord injury model by150gcf, as a control group；group B: seven days after the completion of the spinal cord injury modeltransportated2μl SPIO-BMSCs by5μl hamilton syringes slowly, on the levelof T9segment of spinal cord injury, Up and down0.5cm,30-degree piercing,covering gelatin sponge, Sutured that the MSCs markers and tracer in vivo,and the effect of BMSCs in the treatment of SCI.Results:(1)3.0MRI displayed transplantation group showed low signal at the GRE T*2WI sequence, in the7th day,and at21th day MRI shows low signal ofGRE T*2WI sequence to migrate to the damage zone SPIO-BMSCs T2 signal of the GRE T2*WI sequence weakened, after5w.(2)1w-2w after transplantation, group A and group B were not significantlydifferent in Ethology score on the recovery of neurological function. Then,Ethology score confirmed that group A and group B both had different thelevel of neurological function recovery, group A(the control group) the levelof recovery was slow, and limited, compared to group B, Ethology scoredifference was significant(p<0.05).(3)Postoperative the6w, group A and B, spinal cord paraffin sections stainedwith HE. Group A, spinal cord tissue severely damaged, accompanied byextensive neuronal degenerated and formed cavity formed by theliquefaction necrosis; Group B of the spinal cord damage the lighter, onlypart of the degeneration of neurons and a smaller cavity, meanwhlie, theproliferation of glial scar, passed the cavity.Conclusion: Magnetic resonance can trace tracer SPIO-labeled bonemarrow mesenchymal stem cells in vivo. Bone marrowmesenchymal stem celltransplantation for spinal cord injury have an active effect on recovery ofneurological function, significantly reduce the degeneration of the spinal cordneurons and necrosis, meanwhile provide a new idea for the treatment ofspinal cord injury.