On The Early Fisheries Of The Prehistoric Liaodong Peninsula

Fishing is one of the important survival mode of ancient inhabitants in Liaodong Peninsula. Although the special geographical environment restricts the fishery production .but generally speaking, the Liaodong Peninsula fishery development is relatively stable, it become the important supplement of agriculture or one of the major industry. The development of the fishery economy played an important role in the development of ancient inhabitants even the civilization of the Liaodong Peninsula .The early fishery study in this region is an important part of the development studies of Liaodong Peninsula early survival mode. According to the unearthed materials of Liaodong Peninsula early archaeological culture, we divided it into five period: the old Stone Age, middle neolithic age, late neolithic, copper stone and era, bronze era from palaeolithic to Bronze Age in chronological order. We can see from the unearthed production tools and animal remains of Lliaodong Peninsula main sites from paleolithic to late Bronze Age that although Liaodong Peninsula prehistoric economic is agriculture and fisheries, hunting, industry and so on many kinds of survival mode coexistence. But fishery occupies an important position of development in this imbalance .In the upper paleolithic ,in a small Gu Shan sites, the impeccable unearthed the fishing gear, explain fishing gear production has begun standardization and specialization, human has begun formal fishing and hunting activities .Dating to 1.2 million years ago, the holocene arrives,global warming laid basic environmental for the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula XiaoZhuShan one, phase ii and east of peninsula HouWa cultural rapid development. The holocene eroded by sea, the intrusion of the yellow sea shore is obviously. Influence and impact the plain formed after laid a basic environmental cultural development, therefore the fisheries development in east of peninsula is much rapider than southernmost. Net pendant and zhouxingqi 's appeared means that people in JianShe fishery effectively in new fishing methods - nets drain. From the late neolithic age to the Bronze Age, the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula fishery development raised to a peak, especially showing strong momentum of development in the islands district. Dating to 7 000 ~ 3 000 years ago, site by low flat or distribution of slope presented to mountains and hills, to the change rule of low plain. The transitions of this change happened about 5 000 ~ 4 000 years ago. Relatively stable environment provide people with better survival development space. In fishing methods, from "the goose that lays the golden eggs" or unarmed touch fish, nets fish, shoot fish to stab fish, spearing fish, fishing mode diversification; In fishing tools, pottery net pendant,stone net pendant arrow, fish darts, harpoon, fish card, hook and so many kinds of tools, also appeared stone molds, professional production tools of copper. By changing the production tools ,Human can gain more resources to adapt to the environment in the process of change. The Zhouxingqi provides convenience for the emergence of the expansion of fishing. Fishing sea animals made an ever-growing number, the type is from off shore to the deep sea animals. The choice which the way of life for ancient inhabitants of the Liaodong Peninsula isn't single .It is in this particular circumstances that the fishery economy become the main life mode, and make survival way tend diversification constantly. It is in this imbalance development that the Liaodong Peninsula in fishery economy and agricultural economic interaction process made the Liaodong Peninsula in promoting civilized process.