Preliminary Constitution-Factional Conflict Of Qing Dynasty In The View Of Game Theory

Preliminary constitution used to be crucial in Chinese history of constitutional reform. It concerned the destiny of later Qing dynasty. As a matter of fact, its importance is the reason of difficulty and uncertainty of revolution. From the very beginning to implementation in the middle to the ending, there were discords among different parties. The malicious politicians used Preliminary constitution to conceal their ambition. The conservative party and the diehards confronted sharply on this issue.The first part of paper discusses the reason why the two different parties chose their own position, which wonderfully offers theoretical base of the decline of the dynasty. The second part analysis Cixi's option, it prefers to the choice of preliminary constitution, which could echo both the conservative party and the diehards.However, after the death of Cixi, the revolution was suddenly in dilemma, the contradictions broke out again. Hereafter, the two parties leaded by Zaifeng and Yuan Shikai respectively fought in order to possess themselves of Qing dynasty's sovereignty.The third part emphasizes on the description of the confrontation between the two parties. The preliminary constitution became a weapon, with which Yuan Shikai beat Zaifeng, the conservative party ended with failure. The paper studies in this case how Yuan became stronger and won the game at last, it brings game theory into the historical fact and to explain the development of revolution.