Return To Nature Return To Self

Ecology, according to the Modern Ecology, is an integrated and independent system. It includes not only the natural ecology, but also the spiritual ecology and the social ecology. On one hand, they exist independently; on the other, they depend on each other for existence. Among the three, the natural ecology is the basis, and the other two have the influence on the development and the process of the former. Therefore, the modern ecology pays much attention to the human's relationship with nature, with other people and with oneself. Therefore, ecocriticism attempts to explore how the three aspects are organized, expressed and described in literary works based on the views of entirety, relation and harmony. It aims to discover the historical and cultural origins of ecological crises and promote the change of the human's attitudes towards ecology.The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is a representative novel of American writer, Mark Twain (1835-1910). The novel has received much attention from different critical genres since its publication in 1884. However, few people have tried to study the novel from the perspective of ecocriticism. From the perspective of the ecocriticism, this thesis attempts to interpret the human's relationship with nature, with other people and with oneself, which will enable more readers to appreciate the natural scenery in the novel. Meanwhile, the study can reveal Mark Twain's natural feelings and ecological care and prompt humans to reflect on ecological problems.Study shows that Mark Twain is a writer with ecological consciousness. He touched the social problems caused by the separation between human and nature while most western people at the time were still indulged in the heroic spirit of Robinson. Through his descriptions of the natural ecology, the spiritual ecology and the social ecology, Mark Twain presents that the natural environment, the human's nature and the humans' relationships were distorted under the influence of industrialization. He also expressed his ecological criticism of the bourgeois civilization and his willingness to return to nature.This article is composed of three parts, namely, introduction, main body and conclusion.Introduction conducts a brief literature review of the relevant studies of The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn at home and abroad and introduces the significance, the methods and the originalities of the study.The first chapter is a general introduction to the Ecocriticism, which presents a clearer picture of the theories of Ecocriticism.The second chapter is the reading of The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn from three dimensions——the human's relationship with nature, with other people and with oneself, which presents the natural ecology, the social ecology and the spiritual ecology in the novel.The third chapter is the discussions of Mark Twain's reflection on how the people get along with the nature, with others and with himself through the analyses of his ecological view, social consciousness and spiritual return.The conclusion discusses the theoretical significance and the practical value.