The Analysis On Political Legitimacy Of Ming Monarchy

The core problem of the politic is national political power. National political power "has two aspects, seizing political power and consolidating and developing the state power". To establish and consolidate the political power has involving the problem of political legitimacy. Political legitimacy means that political power subject has the legitimacy to use some political power. The French thinker Rousseau first put forward and analysis the problem of the legitimacy of political power, he said that "even the most strong will never do the host forever, unless he turns his powerful into rights, turns obey into obligations" in "Social Contract Theory". He also said that "power does not constitute a right; people only have the obligation to obey the legitimacy power". Every regime will explain the establishment of the legality of their rule. The establishment of Ming dynasty also faces this problem.The paper mainly use the theories and views in political sociology to analyzes the legality basis and sources of Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming dynasty and the process of he maintained this regime legitimacy from the aspects of politics and culture, history, tradition and religious. The paper points out that, the early Ming monarchy mainly reflects the theory about the legality of the legitimacy from Marx Weber, which are the three ideal types of legitimacy. Meanwhile, as Weber said, a pure rule type is not exist, its usually combined with several types together. Traditional type took dominant police in the early Ming dynasty in legitimacy rule, but charismatic type also took a special position in the early period of the establishment of the regime. In the first part of the paper, the author focus on introducing the theory content mainly is about the legitimacy of political power and regime, the key is the theory on legitimacy of regime from Weber and some of the discussion about the legal government in traditional Chinese society. In the second part, the author mainly discuss the charismatic recourse of Zhu Yuanzhang regime, here the author tells the whole process of Zhu Yuanzhang obtained the charismatic recourse, this process is the traditional pattern in ancient China to obtain the world, and also marches the ideal model of Weber's charismatic regime. Zhu Yuanzhang set up his own group through marriage, fellow, etc, and enlarged his influences; finally he gained the national power. The third part describes the maintenance after the liberation in the legitimacy of Zhu Yuanzhang; he made constructions on politics, economic, culture and military etc. The last part is mainly evaluated the legitimacy of Zhu Yuanzhang regime, his system construction, highlighted supreme imperial power, and thoroughly isolated the imperial power. This system embodies the adamancy of Ming society under the static model, has the color of Utopia.