The Governors And Inpectors Of Guangdong And Guangxi Provinces And Chinese Laborers Going Overseas In The Late Qing Dynasty

The history of Chinese laborers going overseas in the late Qing Dynasty is an important part of Chinese modern history. The policy towards Chinese laborers going overseas has gone through evolution from prohibition to legitimation. The governors and inpectors of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces made a positive contribution to standardization of Chinese laborers going overseas and protection of overseas Chinese laborers. The present paper which takes the evolution of policy towards Chinese laborers as its mainline and all the details of handling Chinese laborers affairs during the successive tenure of office of the civil and military governors of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces as breakthrough point conducts a systematic investigation and analysis of Chinese laborers policy by Bai gui, Lao Chongguang, Guo Songtao, Rui Lin, Zhang Zhaodong, Liu Kunyi and Zhang Zhidong.Lao Chongguang establishes a management institutions and the "hall system. " Guo Songtao recruit the charter and alternate the punishment of the"special section". Rui Lin and Zhang Zhaodong disposal on a regular basis to report on the abduction of initiatives and improve the policy. Liu Kunyi opposes to reimburse capital overseas to protect the personal freedom of laborers abroad.The goverors and procurators mentioned above all made positive exploration to Chinese laborers protection in varying degrees during their terms of office. Although they could not get rid of the dignity of ruling class throughout due to historic limitation, they played an irreplaceable role in historical trend of modernizing. The contribution made to Chinese laborers protection by gonvors and procurators of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces deserves our affirmation.