The Research On America Peace Corps During 1960s-1970s

Since the mid–term of 1950s, as the relative stability in Europe and the emerging of countries status, the third world becomes one of the important contents of U.S-Soviet complicity. In the early 1960s, Kennedy was elected the President of the United States. After partial he made adjustment of America's foreign policy. In the race to the third world, he stress on non-military means by using the economic aid. Under this background, Peace Corps appeared. It is the aid organizations created by United States government, whose main body is American youth. Its objection is the local people of developing country, through face-to-face technical assistance, volunteers intended to help them improve service, education level, promot agricultural, medical care and community development and improve the living conditions of the grassroots.The body includes four parts:The first part analyses the background of the Peace Corps. By relating the transformation of the Cold War's situation in 1960s and the corresponding adjustment of American foreign policies, it reveals its emergence is not unprecedented but the result of the reflection on America's postwar foreign aid work. It also adds new content to America's foreign aid work.The second part is the focal point of the paper. Its main idea is the establishment of the Peace Corps. This part mainly introduces the motivations of Peace Corps'establishment, the process of its nature, and its activities in third world countries from 1961 to 1968. By anglicizing of the motivations, process, the activity, it reveals the connotation of the Peace Corps and the role in the U.S. foreign policy.The third part discusses the adjustment of the Peace Corps .This part discusses setbacks and countermeasures faced by Peace Corps from late 1960s to early 1970s. It is relatively difficult period of its development from 1969 to 1974 since founded in 1961. By anglicizing the motives of its adjustment, the content of its adjustment and the influence towards the Peace Corps, this chapter further reveals that it is the needs of American foreign policy and service in the interest of U.S. national although its fate is ups and downs with the changes of government. The last part sets forth the effects of Peace Corps. The conclusion is that the team is not only a one-way behavior of the U.S. government, but embodies a bidirectional effect in the cultural exchange. Through a seemingly "altruistic sex" activities, it strengthen the American'appeal to third world countries. Meanwhile, volunteer experience in the Peace Corps also produced positive influence on volunteers.