A Study On The Relations Between Parenting Styles And Kingdergarteners' Behavior Problems

Child behavior problem refers to the abnormal behavior that appears in childhood, and that the severity and duration are more than the normal range allowed by the corresponding age, which is mainly manifested in solitude and withdrawal, anxiety and depression, attack and resistance, discipline deviant and a variety of physical discomforts, and so on. Child behavior problem is a common phenomenon in the process of children development; it will directly affect the normal development of children's cognition, social adjustment, personality and other aspects, and it can also largely predict all sorts of bad problems of adolescents and adults. The reasons for child behavior problems have a direct relationship with the family environment, since parenting style, as an important component of the family mental environment, has a very important role in the child behavior problems.Firstly, this paper will give a literature review on the research of parenting styles and child behavior problems, make an analysis of the existing problems in the field, and then put forward my own research questions. Adopting the revised domestic Achenbach Child Behavior Check List and the family parenting questionnaire compiled by Yang Lizhu and Yang Chunqing, the paper makes an empirical study on 334 children from 4 to 6 years old. On the basis of the questionnaire, a small number of children with typical behavior problems are interviewed. The results are as follows:1. Parenting styles display different tendencies in the five factors of spoiling, authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian and inconsistent parenting. The authoritative parenting gets the highest scores; the authoritarian and indulgent in the center; and the inconsistent and spoiling score the lowest.2. There exist significant gender differences in indulgent parenting. Girls score higher than boys, but there is no significant difference for the other four factors.3. There exist striking age differences in spoiling and inconsistent parenting. The younger the child is the higher score he will get.4. There exist the significant differences between urban and rural parents in authoritative and indulgent parenting. Urban parents score significantly higher than rural parents in authoritative parenting, while rural parents score much higher than the urban parents in indulgent parenting. There are no great regional differences for the other three factors.5. There are some differences in parenting style for parents of different cultural levels. The higher the mother's educational level is, the more authoritative parenting there is, the lower the authoritarian there is. The higher the father's educational level is, the more authoritative there is.6. Among the total of 334 children, the detection rate of child behavior problems is 13.4%, of which 16.1% is for girls and 12.2% for boys. The detection rate of girls is significantly higher than that of boys.7. Urban children's detection rate is 12.6%., the detection rate of rural children is 16.7%. The detection rate of rural children is significantly higher than that of urban children.8. The family structure has a certain influence on child behavior problems. For boys of ages from 4 to 5, there are striking differences in family structure in somatic complaints for child behavior problems; for 4-5 year-old girls, there are significant differences in family structure in the split factor; for 6-year-old children, there is significant difference in family structure for girls in physical complaints and the split factor; and boys is not so.9. Parental education level has a certain influence on child behavior problems. For the 4-5 year-old children, the influence of mothers'educational level on behavior problems is not so significant, but the influence of fathers'educational level on children's behavior problems is comparatively more significant. There is remarkable difference for boys in the immature and aggressive factors, and for girls in the sexual problems and obesity factors. For 6-year-old boys, the higher the mother's educational level is, the lower sores the boy gets in disciplinary offence; the higher the father's educational level is, the lower scores he gets in physical complains, and there is no striking cultural difference in behavior problems for 6-year-old girls.10. Parenting style and child behavior problems are related to each other on certain degree. There is a significant positive correlation between the girl's social withdrawal and the indulgent and inconsistent parenting for 4-5 year-old girls. There is a significant positive correlation between the depression, social withdrawal and aggression in child behavior problems, and the spoiling factor in parenting style for 6 year-old girls. There is a positive correlation between somatic complaints. indulgent and inconsistent parenting in child behavior problems and the spoiling factors in parenting style, The remaining factors are not significantly related. Based on the research above, the researcher suggests that parents should consciously study the psychological knowledge about child care, adopt scientific and democratic parenting and behaviors. The father should appropriately participate in the activities of parenting. For parents whose family structures are more complicated should timely communicate and coordinate to ensure the consistency of educational attitudes and approaches and to reduce child behavior problems.