The Impact Of Left-home Environment In Rural Area On Mental Health Status Of The Only Child And Study On The Protective Factors

Objective:1. To research the impact of left-home environment in rural area on mental health status of the only child; 2.To study the protective action of social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy on mental health status of the left-home only child under pressure and to explore the mechanism of action.Methods:1. Adopting method of group testing, Mental Health Inventory of Middle-School Students (MMHI-60) , the Stressor Scale for Middle-school Students, the Social Support Appraisal Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale was administered to all the students of a junior school in a certain town of Wangjiang county in Anhui province. 2. Applying Epidata3.0 to input data and using SPSS16.0 to implement statistical analysis, such as t-test,χ2-test, one-way ANOVA, MANOVA, pearson correlation and multiple regression, and adopting Amos7.0 to explore path model.Results:1.The main effects of left-home status on obsessive- compulsive (F=5.223, p=0.006), depression(F=4.203, p=0.016), and the total mental health status(F=3.071, p=0.049) of only child were significant, while on mental health status of non-only child were not significant; Left-home environment could explain 2.2% of the variation of mental health status of only child, and the effect of prediction reached the level of significance(p=0.049), thereinto,"one parent left for work"had more effects(β=0.225). 2. The combination of seven stressors could predict 43.1% of the variation of the mental health status of left-home only-child, while could predict 34.5% of left-home non-only child; The combination of social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy could explain 16.9% extent of variation of the mental health status of left-home only-child, while 14.8% of left-home non-only child. 3. Each protective factor can attenuated the effect of stresses on mental health status of left-home-kids; for left-home non-only child, only support from others attenuated the positive association of stresses to mental health status, while for left-home only-child, all the protective factors shown obvious protective effects except support from family. 4.The path model, explored and constructed with Amos7.0 for the protective factors` effect on mental health status of left-home kids under pressure, showed that the fit indexes forχ2/df, p, RMSEA, CFI, GFI were 1.516, 0.181, 0.033, 0.997, 0.996.Conclusions:1. Left-home environment in rural area affects mental health status of only child much more than that of non-only child, among which one-parent-left-for- work environment is the main factor. 2.Compared with non-only-child in the same environment, stressors and protective factors can predict more extent of the variation of the mental health status of only child; the protective factors have different regulative effects on mental health status of left-home only child and non-only child under pressure. 4. The protective role of social support on mental health status of left-home kids under pressure corresponds to the dynamic effect model; social support affect mental health status of left-home only child primarily through indirect effect. Self-esteem played a prominent intermediate role of adjusting function on mental health status of left-home kids; while self-efficacy worked through self-esteem simply.