It is extremely difficult to originate interest generating institute,but according to some authentic documentation,this new term initially appeared in the 7th year under Yongzheng's authority. In fact, this institute was first launched in Kangxi Period and it was designed to alleviate hard life of Qi Group, the aristocrat, as well as the average soldiers honored for the foundation of this new dynasty. Thus this system was a welfare exclusive to these people. Later, in Yongzheng's regime, he expanded the beneficiary to grass-roots unit. Qianlong saw its peak but at the same time, drawbacks unveiled, arrears appeared, thus, it was haunted for a time. But afterwards, this system extended for a long time and new applications were issued especially public construction like river bed expansion and dam building. Others like office supplies and refugee relief were available. In this essay,the author will describe the development of this system and illustrate its functions in Qing Dynasty's economy. |