| China's economic sustainable and rapid growth in the 30 years of reform and opening up, but this growth is based on resource consumption and low-cost labor. Enhance the independent innovation capability and building an innovative country will be the key factors that China to maintain sustained economic development in the future. Today, the international competition is increasingly fierce, and the ability of independent innovation activities will be the deciding factor of core competitiveness of countries and regions.The actual situation in China, since there is a huge difference in the level of the regional geographical conditions, socio-economic development. Knowledge Innovation inter-regional differences also exist, the effects factor of knowledge innovation's output also play different utility in different regions. in the macro background of implement strategy of independent innovation, it is particularly necessary to analysis of the spatial distribution of knowledge innovation, and explore whether the inter-regional knowledge spillovers is exist, and research impact of factors of regional innovation production capacity.This study as follows:First, after introduce research background and significance, we proposed three issues:(1) how is spatial distribution of innovative output of Provincial is? Whether the inter-regional knowledge spillover is existing? (2)How much contribution to the provincial knowledge innovation with levels of economic development, research and development, import of high-tech (foreign knowledge spillovers), and human capital? (3)After considering spatial heterogeneity, the regional impact of knowledge innovation output factors in different regions are obvious differences? Should we implement the differential knowledge of innovation policy in different regions?Secondly, the paper reviews the existing relevant international literature, empirical literature and gives a brief summary; we also carding on the theory of knowledge innovation and knowledge spillover; introduced the knowledge of spatial statistic.Again, this paper will exploratory analysis the provincial knowledge innovation from space and time, in order to clearly recognize that knowledge of the spatial structure of innovation and characteristics in terms of time and space evolution of trends. And then measured the space use of space lag and spatial error model and an empirical geographical weighted regression analysis to explore whether there is significant inter-regional spatial knowledge spillovers and knowledge innovation factors provincial spatial heterogeneity.Finally, there are 4 conclusions with the empirical analysis in 29 provinces and cities:(1) Global spatial analysis shows that the innovation of the provinces in the two time periods innovative output tends to be relatively clear spatial distribution patterns. Knowledge of regional innovation activities more frequently and more developed coastal provinces to the domain, especially in Shanghai as the center of the east coast of Jiangsu, Zhejiang; to the Pearl River Delta as the center of Guangdong, Fujian, and BoHai economic circle as the center of Beijing Liaoning and Shandong.(2) Local spatial analysis shows that most provinces in China and its neighbors, there is a high degree of spatial stability of innovation; there is only a relative movement of individual provincial. This also explains the phenomenon of each province from the original cluster to some difficulties; the provincial innovation has serious path dependence.(3) In the first time the spatial error model regression results show that although the innovation of Provincial output between certain positive autocorrelation, there is a certain degree of agglomeration effects, but an area of knowledge innovation output only by neighboring Provinces the impact of innovation to realize the error of the provincial or inter-domain diffusion of knowledge spillover effect is not obvious. The second session of the spatial lag model shows that after nearly 10 years of development of inter-provincial output of innovation activities are complementary, positive knowledge spillover effect is more apparent. (4) Geographically Weighted Regression results reveal that the impact of provincial innovation with the scale of economic development, independent research and development, human capital is difference. In policy formulation should be considered when the various provinces and cities while also considering its own conditions of space between the provincial interaction and local knowledge spillovers, the regional general policy, industrial policy should be combined and we should implement the differential knowledge of innovation policy in different regions.The characteristics of this study mainly reflected in the research object and research methods:(1) From the view of research object, the current research of innovation and knowledge spillovers mainly in business and industry, the micro-level, and for the region, particularly in provincial level are few. This article is studied the regional innovation and knowledge spillovers between provincial by the data field of 29 provinces.(2)From the view of research methods, the existing regional innovation and knowledge spillover effects of the methods most commonly used in the regression model to empirical research, almost not consider the space interaction between the samples. This method of quantitative analysis of space to the provincial level, the introduction of innovative research, space exploration through the analysis (ESDA) in the sub-bitmap, Moran scatter plot, LISA cluster map reflects the spatial effect of the study and relationship, compared with traditional simple descriptive statistics is more intuitive; The model considers the utility room, estimation method also overcomes some shortcomings of traditional research methods, through the spatial analysis of provincial econometric model of innovation output factors, also proved the existence of knowledge spillovers between provinces. |
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