The Expression Of Aquaporin AQP1/AQP2in The Bactrian Camel’s Kidney

It is well known that water is an essential resource for life and an important part of the organism, is the basic condition for survival. The Bactrian camel is known as the "ship of the desert", having a very good ability to adapt to the extremely drought and water shortage environment. Studies found that the Bactrian camel in the long-term historical process, had evolved many special physiological characteristics, which were very special and different from other animals. These special physiological characteristics had given the Bactrian camel one kind of strong ability to adapt to the arid environment. Of these many features, its powerful water metabolism was the most special especially.Objective:The purpose of this study is a preliminary study of the expression of aquaporin AQP1and AQP2in the Bactrian camel’s kidney. We want to know why Bactrian camel has so good physiological mechanisms to adapt to the harsh environment of extreme drought and water shortage, and in order to explore the Bactrian camel molecular biology data.Methods:Conventional paraffin section method combined with transmission electron microscopy to observe the microstructure and ultrastructure of the Bactrian camel’s kidney, and immunohistochemical SABC method to preliminarily analyse the expression site and level of water channel protein AQP1and AQP2in the Bactrian camel’s kidney, to explore the molecular mechanism of the strong water metabolism of Bactrian camel.Results: The microstructure and ultrastructure of the Bactrian camel’s kidney is similar to the those of other animals, the structure of the various parts of Bactrian camel’s kidney nephron are developed, proximal tubule brush border are very developed, reabsorption area large, renal water handling capacity is strong. High level expression of aquaporin AQP1and AQP2in the Bactrian camel kidney, they were distributed in different parts:the expression level of aquaporin AQP1in the Bactrian camel’s kidney cortex at the proximal tubule flexure, straight Ministry of the proximal tubule and Henle loop descending branch these three parts of is very high, the positive cells showing brown positive material present in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of the renal tubular cells, where the top of the plasma membrane and the positive side of the membrane strength than the other parts of the strong; The expression level of water channel protein AQP2in the collection of Bactrian camel’s kidney tube wall of the cell and the distal convoluted tubule epithelial cells level is very high, positive substances present in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting tubes, among which the top plasma membrane expression was increased in the cytoplasm more strongly.Conclusion:The aquaporin AQP1and AQP2have high expression level in the Bactrian camel’s kidney, located at proximal tubule, Henle loop descending artery and the distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. The high expression level of AQP1and AQP2expression makes the Bactrian camel’s kidney tubule cell water permeability very strong, so the Bactrian camel kidney has a very strong water metabolism ability; that is an important guarantee for the Bactrian camel can be very good to adapt to of the extremely arid, harsh environment; it can be said that the high expression level of AQP1/AQP2in the Bactrian camel’s kidney provides important evidences of molecular biology for the well ability to adapt to the harsh environment of extreme drought and water shortage of Bactrian camel.