| In this paper, we studied typical animal-Roe deer along scenic highwayring Changbai Mountain in Jilin Province, come to the space-time dynamicchanges and influencing factors of the road-effect-zone on roe deer.Preliminarily explore the formation mechanism of road-effect-zone in orderto provide a theoretical basis and data support for highway operationsmanagement, optimizing the road network, designing highway route, andsetting animal channel. The study of roe deer is not just the protection of theroe deer species, but also the consideration of restoration project for wildSiberian tiger in the Changbai Mountain area. Changbai Mountain area wasone of the region concentrated Siberian tiger. Wild boar, red deer, roe deerand other large ungulates in Changbai Mountain area are also the mainsource of food for wild Siberian tiger. If the roe deer and other largeungulates continue to reduce, it’ll be another challenge for the recovery ofpopulations of wild Siberian tiger in the Changbai Mountain area.From May2010to December2011, through the preliminaryinvestigation, we finally determined the15line transects for researching theroad-effect-zone on roe deer. Take into account factors such as vegetationtypes, wildlife activity frequency, managerial and institutional differences,we make a vertical cross-section per5km of the highway along the ringChangbai Mountain Scenic highway close to the protection of section.According to the roe deer’s activities flexibly adjust the layout of thedistances of line transects to choose six cross-sections in the road of natureprotection and the surroundings. Make500m line transects toward bothsides of the road to investigate. We use infrared camera to compensate forthe possible deviations in the process of investigating roe deer’s activitytraces, especially the possible omission in identifying roe deer’s activitytraces in summer. Randomly selected a line transect placed5infrared camera monthly, placed per100meters, Shooting the number of roe deer,behavior, providing a useful complement for on-site survey in the linetransect method.The temporal variation of the road-effect-zone is divided into thedifferences of the snow season and the non-snow season. Spatial variation ofthe road-effect-zone is divided into the difference of protected area and inthe areas outside of natural reserves. The results show that:(1) Comparingwith snow season and non-snow season, the road-effect-zone of snowseason is not obvious, but the road-effect-zone of the non-snow season isabout100meters; there are differences between the non-snow season in2010and2011. In2010the non-snow season road-effect-zone is notobvious, but in2011the snow season road-effect-zone is approximately100meters.(2)The road-effect-zone of every line transect is not obvious.Comparing with the road-effect-zone on the side of protection zone and onthe side of non-protection zone, on the side of protection zone theroad-effect-zone of the non-snow season is100m, and It’s not obvious insnow season. The road-effect-zone of the non-protected zone are notobvious.The influence factors of roe deer’s road-effect-zone differ in differentcircumstances.(1)The road in different time can affect the formation of roedeer’s road-effect-zone, and the traffic flow is the main influence factors.The rest are the secondary factors.(2) Disturbance and noise is the maininfluence factors, and others are the secondary factors.According to the results of research, for location design, constructionand operation of road construction in Changbai Mountain in future, isproposed protection countermeasure of the stability roe deer’s population.Our research is only a preliminary investigation, after scenic highway ofChangbai Mountain has opened to traffic for a short time, no matter theresults both from investigation of time phase or spatial position may existsome deviation. With the lapse of time, the influence of the road to Roe deermay has more regularly changed. So the Scenic highway of Changbai Mountain to Variation characteristics and forming factors of roe deer’sroad-effect-zone awaits long-term attention and investigation for asystematic conclusion. |
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