Synthesis And Performances Of Polyaniline And PANI/Graphene Composites

Supercapacitor was considered as a new type of electrochemical capacitor in the last few years, which performed well in the high power density and energy density.Inner-empty-tubulous Polyaniline (PANI) and Polyaniline/Graphene composite were synthesized in this experiment. The characterization and electrochemical performance of the materials were studied by Raman, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, Galvannostatic charge/discharge and CV. The main results were as follows:(1) The Inner-empty-tubulous PANI with diameter of 300~500 nm were prepared by synthesized with citric acid doped. The ratio of the CA, Ani and APS were 1:1.5:1. FT-IR, XRD pattern indicated that the PANI was Emeraldine state doped with CA and little crystallizable. On the contrary, the PANI doped with CSA demonstrated different amorphous structures, which piled up with uncrystallizable particles. Electrochemical analysis demonstrated that the Inner-empty-tubulous PANI showed an improved performance as supercapacitor. The specific capacitance of the Inner-empty-tubulous PANI was 831.75 F·g-1, 20% higher than the traditional PANI block materials, which also exhibited highly cyclic stability.(2) The Graphite-oxide was synthesized by the improved-hummer method, which showed less defects, and the value G·D was higher. With the CTAB and KH-570 treated on the surface, 16°diffraction peak demonstrated the distance between the levels was enlarged. After which graphene was synthesized with the PAC and EDA used as the reducing agent. Analysis results showed that the more volume the PAC was added, the value of the IG·ID-1 was higher. Graphene which was treated with CTAB and was reducing by PAC showed the highest value of the IG·ID-1. The specific capacitance of the Graphene was about 300 F·g-1 at the same conditions.(3) Graphene was ultrasonic-dispersed in the solution which already dissolved the CA and Ani, and then initiated by the APS and polymerized. The absorbance intensity of the identical peak was strengthened on the FT-IR spectrogram, on the other side the peak of the Graphene/PANI which obtained by the KH-570 and EDA showed the intensity was weakened. The PANI/Graphene had excellent electric double-layer capacitance, in charge/discharge and cyclic stability. The 2-dimensional composites demonstrated high specific capacitance, the specific capacitance was 600F·g-1 at the electric current density of 2mA·cm-2.