Thermal Characteristics Analysis Based On The FEM Of The Spindle Box

As the development of industry, the accuracy requirements of production are increasing. Peoplepay more attention to the reduction and avoidance of processing errors. During the research process ofthe method for reducing processing errors, people find that the errors caused by the machine thermaldeformation takes account for a large proportion, particularly, in the precision machining process. Soreducing the thermal deformation of machine tools becomes an important way to improve themachining accuracy.Spindlebox is an important part of machine tools. Under the action of multiple heat sources, thetemperature distribution and the thermal deformation of the spindle directly affect the processingprecision. In this paper, taken the QLMT6300turning&milling large gantry machine tool as theresearched subject, the law of heat for the spindlebox is researched by the assistant of Finite ElementMethod(FEM), and the spindle temperature distribution and the thermal deformation are found. Theresult can be a theoretical basis of the optimization and thermal compensation for the machine toolstructure. The main work of this paper is as follows:1. Modeling the components of the spindle, by simplifying the3D model, the FEM model wascreated. By calculating, the heat sources of the spindle box was got, which were the friction heatcaused by bearings and gears. Considering the machine tools working condition, the heat convectioncoefficient between the spindle component and the air was calculated abd taken as the boundryconditions.2. By the thermal analysis for the spindle components, ram and speed-reduction box, thetemperature cloud charts and the transient temrature curves were got for further studies.3. With the results of the above analysis, the thermal deformation of the structure can beanalyzed, which means the largest deformation of the spindle was on the connect with the middlespindle, not the part for the tool fixing.4. By comparing the simulation results and the experimental test, the simulation model can beadjusted and got an accurate analytical model for further analysis of the spindle’s heat deformationunder different speeds, and the method for spindle box temperature and thermal deformation based onFEM is feasible, which provides theory for futher thermal compensation under the model.