Study On The Pollution Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Jiulong River Estuary And Wastewater Plant Treatments In Xiamen

In recent years, as the prevalence of multiple super pathogenic bacteria in environments are induced by the extensive use of antibiotics by human, a better understanding of the distribution, transport and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environments is warranted. Because of the concentration of the antibiotics growth in environment brought about by the antibiotics increase of selective pressure, that will accelerate antibiotic resistance bacteria and ARGs emergence and spread in the environment. So, it’s important to strengthening the monitoring ARGs.In order to access the ARGs pollution in Jiulong River estuary and wastewater plant treatment in Xiamen. The water and sediment samples were collected along the Jiulong River estuary during April2011and the sludges collected in wastewater plant treatments in Xiamen during February2010. By this study, we get the distribution of ARGs in the water and sediment of Jiulong river estuary, and combined with wastewater plant treatment in Xiamen discussed the pollution sources of the Jiulong river estuary. Some important results are obtained as follows:1) The efficiencies of two methods were evaluated in DNA extraction of water sample in Jiulong River estuary. The improving ethanol precipitation get the purity of the DNA is better. That will meet the requirements of the molecules experiment;2) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were employed to identify the distribution patterns of four sulfonamide,13tetracycline ARGs and two integron genes in water, sediments of Jiulong River estuary and five activated sludges in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of Xiamen. The results demonstrated that the frequency of detection (FOD) of ARGs and integron genes in environmental samples with the highest FOD in activated sludges (0.86), moderate FOD in sediments (0.57) and the lowest FOD in water (0.24). Furthermore, the FODs of ARGs were higher in fresh water and brackish water than those in seawater, suggesting that ARGs may be transported from the upstream of Jiulong River;3) Two sul ARGs, five tet-ARGs and integration one in water and sediment samples in Jiulong river estuary were further quantified by qPCR. Through the absolute number of copies of ARGs, we can get the spread of roughly propagation paths from upstream to downstream in water and sediment in jiulong river estuary; 4) The results of tet(W) libraries indicated that WWTPs may be a point source of ARGs into Jiulong River estuary and Xiamen sea.