Pollution Characteristic Of Major Rivers In Fujian Province And The City Inland Rivers In Fuzhou

With the rapid development of social economy and accelerating urbanization, the number andtypes of contamination in industrial wastewater, mine wastewater, farmland wastewater and lifesewage all sharply increased, which caused water pollution becoming more and more serious inrivers and inland. Universal attention have paid to the heavy metal pollution, organic andinorganic pollution in the water, which has became the research focus. As a result, scholars athome and abroad studied a lot in the aspects, but the research mainly focus on industrialemissions, mining waste water, sewage and so on, researches on pollution characters andevaluation in a complete water system and city inland water was less.There are rich water resources and enough rivers flow in Fujian, which is one of coastalprovinces in the southeast of China. River water is the main source for agricultural water,industrial water and households, so the water quality status directly affect people’s health and thedevelopment of social economy. Recent years, water pollution has beening serious due to theunreasonable utilization of water resources， coupled withthe mining, chemical enterpriseemissions increases, etc.But as aresult of long-term to Pollution in different river system and cityinland was less researched in Fujian province, and water pollution situation and characteristics ofunderstanding was unclear. So that establish measures of water pollution management and theestablishment of warning system exist some blindness.Which caused a great of threat to thecurrent health of the coastal residents caused.Therefore city inland was of great theoretical andpractical significance for effectively monitoring water pollution, guaranteeing health for the crowdalong rivers and the surrounding, and scientific and reasonable planning development of coastalcity.In view of this, based on comprehensive survey in major rivers and inland river in Fujianprovince, according to the parallel random and combining the principle of typicalscreening,Selection of main rivers in Fujian，which are8big rivers with Futun stream, Thastream,Jian stream, the middle and lower reaches of the Minjiang river, Ting river, Jin river,Jiulong river,Huotong stream, and3inland river with Baima river, Jinan river, Guangminggangriver were selected as the research object. Different samplings in section were collected according to the grid kilometers of the above river nets, and water samples in inland river of Fuzhou weremonthly collected.Content of Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr were determined in the water sample, so were pH,NH₃-N, CONC, CURR index. Differences of water pollution were compared with different inlandriver and different rivers. Combined with sources and the influence factors of water pollution indifferent rivers and water system, water pollution characteristics of major rivers and city inlandrivers in Fujian province were analyzed from space and time perspective. Based on this, maximumsingle factor evaluation, comprehensive pollution assessment of N.L.Nemerow and potentialecological risk evaluation were used pollution condition for the main rivers and city inland waterin Fujian. The main research results were as follows:1. Research of water pollution in different river showed that: The content of Fe, Mn, Al andPb were higher in FuTun stream, but the difference between sections was small; Cu content andCd content was higher in middle and lower reaches of the Minjiang river; The content of Zn washigher in Jian stream; All kinds of metal content were lower in Jinjiang river and Ting river.Compared to the surface water environment quality standards, Mn content in sampling were allnot exceed standard index in all the section; Fe content in69%of section reached the standard; Cucontent in77%section reached the standard with Ⅰclass water quality, with the rest below Ⅱ classwater quality standards; Zn content in58%section reached Ⅰclass water quality; Cd content in Ⅴclass water quality and bad Ⅴ class water quality accounted for17%section, with others in I andⅡ class water quality standards; Pb content in Ⅴ class water quality and bad Ⅴ class water qualityaccounted for20%,with others in I and Ⅱ class water quality standards. NH₃-N content in Ⅰclasswater quality standards accounted for83%, with only2%in Ⅴ class water quality, and the othersin class Ⅱ water quality; Water qualification rate of CONC did not appear over standardpHenomenon.2. N.L.N emerow comprehensive pollution index evaluation showed that: Four sections ofFutun stream all reached moderate pollution; Five sections of Sha stream were in micro pollution,five sections were in moderate pollution, other sections were in light pollution; Seven sections ofJian stream were in moderate pollution, two sections were in light pollution, other sections were inmicro pollution or clean; Six sections of middle and lower reaches of Minjiang river were inmoderate pollution, with3sections in light pollution, and the other in micro pollution or light pollution;3sections of Jiulong river were in light pollution, with one section in micro pollution;Three sections of Jinjiang river were in micro pollution, with one section in light pollution; Onesection of Ting river was in light pollution, with two sections in micro pollution; Two sections ofAo river were in moderate pollution, with two sections in micro pollution. Potential ecological riskassessment showed that there was only slight potential ecological risks in most major rivers inFujian,with only the second half of the middle and lower reaches of Minjiang river （with total9sections from Minqing bridge to Qingzhou bridge） in medium potential ecological risks.3. Clustering analysis for different pollution index was used in different river pollution inFujian,and the results showed that there were three categories of the main pollution river.The firstclass was as follows: Jiulong river, Tingjiang river, Sha stream, Jinjiang river and AoJiang river;The second class was as follows: Futun steam, Jian stream;The third was middle and lowerreaches of Minjiang river. From the results of pollution evaluation can be seen:in the main riversof Fujian province，Jiulong river, water pollution degree of Tingjiang river, Sha stream, Jinjiangriver and AoJiang river are relatively close，the three types of pollution in a lesser degree;Followed by FuTunXi and built the creek, pollution degree also is closer to the; Pollution of themiddle and lower reaches of minjiang river is the highest degree。The main pollutants index of water in Fujian could also be divided into three kinds: The firstclass was Al, Pb, Mn, Fe; The second class was Cu, Cd, ammonia nitrogen; The third wasincluding CONC, CURR, Zn. The result indicated there were different levels of compositepollution in main river pollution in Fujian. Which category1main pollution for heavy metal, thismay come from the enterprise, mining industry wastewater discharge of the disorder; The secondpollution may be due to the chaos of the sewage discharge.4. Research of water pollution in different inland river in Fuzhou showed that: Baima rivermainly for the ammonia nitrogen，Cd pollution；Jinan river mainly for the ammonia nitrogen，Cd，Pb pollution；Guangminggang river mainly for the ammonia nitrogen，Fe，Cd，Pb pollution.The sampling results of156sectiom（times）of inland in Fuzhou are shown，CONC main ofsurface water environment （GB3838-2002） Ⅰ kinds of standards；Zn，Cu main of surface waterenvironment （GB3838-2002） Ⅱ kinds of standards；Pb has72%to Ⅲ kinds of standards,28%toⅤ kinds of standard；Cd has96%to Ⅴ kinds of standard，pollution is serious；56%of Fe and99%of Mn， which has to the water quailty standard for the centralized surface water source. 5. N.L.N emerow comprehensive pollution evaluation showed that five sections of Baimariver reached moderate pollution in the whole year;4monitoring sections of Jinan river were inmoderate pollution in March and April,2011, and was in serious pollution in May, and the otherswere in light or medium pollution. Monitoring results of Guangminggang river were moderatepollution in former10months, with other two months in light pollution.Potential ecological riskassessment showed that Baima river was in light pollution of different months,which reachedpotential ecological risk in4months in Bang state section; Jinan river was in light pollution;Potential ecological risk of Guangminggang river he light of the river port for was minor andmedium.6. Clustering analysis for different pollution index was used in Fuzhou inland, as well as indifferent months, and the results showed that: there were three groups of water pollution inFuzhou inland. Pollutants in group1were ammonia nitrogen, Al, Pb, Fe, Cu, Cd, pH; Pollutants ingroup2were CONC, Mn, Zn, with CURR in group3.Because no big city of fuzhou industrialenterprise, thus speculate that class1pollution may come from coast sewage and small metallurgystore metal wastewater discharge disorder; Combined with pollution evaluation result analysis,speculated that category2and3class target in fuzhou of inland river pollution level is not high.Pollution condition of different months was divided into three groups: Group1was fromNovember to February; Group2was from June to October; Group3was from March to April,which might relate to the change of solubility pollutants for changes in temperature.