Research On The Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Ammonia Nitrogen And Countermeasures Of Reducting Ammonia Nitrogen Emission In Songhua River Basin In Heilongjiang Province

The Songhua River basin is the main source of drinking water in Heilongjiang Province,which is the important social and economic development foundation of the province.For recently 10 years,the provincial environmental protection department had always made the pollution prevention and control of the Songhua River as the core work,and promoted it as the key point.During the 12th five-year plan period,China's total control indicators were NH4⁺-N,COD,SO₂ and NO_x respectively.With the increase of the number of control indicators,China had also made corresponding restrictions on the total number of indicators,especially the emission reduction of NH4⁺-N,and the end of the12th five-year plan was 20%lower than the initial stage.Moreover,during the early 12th five-year plan the Songhua River basin ammonia nitrogen overall average concentration was lower than the?water quality standard,average concentration increased.Ammonia nitrogen gradually became the primary pollutants of the Songhua River basin?within the territory of Heilongjiang Province?,therefore,in view of the ammonia nitrogen pollution control became improve the Songhua River basin?within the territory of Heilongjiang Province?was the key to water quality,the study of ammonia nitrogen pollution reduction was great significance to water environment protection in our province.In this paper,through the analysis of the Songhua River basin?within the territory of Heilongjiang Province?of space-time distribution of ammonia nitrogen pollution and emission reductions,it was concluded that regional industrial and life source need to reduce emissions of ammonia nitrogen potential was the highest,1.23×10⁴ t,agricultural scale of livestock and poultry breeding sources need to reduce emissions of ammonia nitrogen potential was low,5.32×10² t,ammonia nitrogen pollutant amounts to 1.29×10⁴ t.On this basis,combining with the study area pollution sources of ammonia nitrogen emission characteristics and national emission reduction requirements,set up three levels of ammonia nitrogen emission reduction indicators,including five first indicators,13 secondary indicators,38 tertiary indicators.Of the 38emission reduction indicators,24 were positively correlated and the remaining14 indicators were negatively correlated.Furthermore,the accuracy and rationality of the ammonia emission reduction index system were verified.Applying the system to the 13th five-year plan environmental protection planning,forecasting during the 13th five-year plan ammonia nitrogen emissions reductions,the results show that:during the 13th five-year plan,the Songhua River basin?within the territory of Heilongjiang Province?within the territory of ammonia nitrogen emissions of 258312.14 t,9.63%reduction than the 12th five-year plan,achieving the 13th five-year plan ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province planning demands of ammonia nitrogen 7%reduction target.In order to effectively guarantee the realization of the targets,this research according to different sources of pollution,through technology and environmental protection policy selectively reduce positive correlation index function,improve the negative index function,puts forward some countermeasures to the industrial development,urban and industrial pollution control countermeasures,agricultural non-point source pollution control countermeasures,livestock and poultry breeding pollution control countermeasures and pollution control countermeasures for soil and water loss,the environmental management measures,comprehensive and precise,can effectively guide the emission reduction targets.