Extract And Study Of The Main Ingredients From Cotton By-product In Xin Jiang

As one of the important economic crops in Xinjiang, the cotton was soldaround the world. In addition, the by-products of the remaining cotton also haveimportant economic value. This paper researched extraction and analyzed mainchemical components of cotton by-products. The main research contents and theresults are as follows:1. Two methods, ultrasonic extraction and vibration, were used to extract the freegossypol from the cottonseed and cottonseed meals, and the best extractingtechnology was established by single factor and orthogonal experiment. Under thisoptimized condition, the average percent of ultrasonic extraction of free gossypol incottonseed was6.328mg/g; the average percent ultrasonic extraction of free gossypolin cottonseed meals was0.08658mg/g; the average percent of oscillation extraction offree gossypol in cottonseed was5.805mg/g; the average percent of oscillationextraction of free gossypol in cottonseed meals was0.07710mg/g. By comparison,the ultrasonic extraction method was high efficiency than oscillation extractionmethod. The ultrasonic extraction method is more suitable for free gossypol.2. The aniline gossypol was prepared by aniline precipitation, the productivity ofthe rough aniline gossypol, the rough acetic acid gossypol and refined acetic acidgossypol was79.39%,48.35%,87.23%, respectively. Silica gel chromatographymethod was used for purification acetic acid gossypol, and achieving betterpurification effect, the average purity of acetic acid gossypol was96.68%. Theantibacterial activity of acetic acid gossypol and extracting solution of cottonseed wasstudied, and found the antibacterial activity was little difference between the twosolutions of a similar concentration. It is suggested that gossypol is the mainantibacterial components. Gossypol acetic acid is more significant bacteriostatic effecton the tested strains, which have a certain antibacterial effect of these four kinds ofbacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and ShigellaShigella bacteria bacteriostaticeffect is less obvious, and almost no bacteriostatic effect on the Klebsiella ogaenaeand Acinetobacter baumannii. The bacteriostatic effect of both the solution isrelatively low compare with kanamycin sulfate.3. Microwave assisted extraction was used to extract cottonseed oil by singlefactor and orthogonal experiments to determine the best extraction conditions. Theoptimal extraction conditions were as follows: hexane as the extraction solvent,microwave power500W, ratio of material to liquid1:7, extraction time of4min.Under the optimal conditions, the average yield of cottonseed oil was32.50%. Thismethod can shorten the extraction time and improve efficiency. The physical andchemical properties of the cottonseed oil as follows: the relative density was0.9195;the refractive index was1.4732; acid value was2.45mg/g; saponification value was197.60mg/g; iodine value was108.30; peroxide value was5.6mmol/kg. Theseindicators accord with the cottonseed oil quality indicators (GB1537-2003). The fattyacid composition of cottonseed oil shows that cottonseed oil contains10kinds of fattyacids; the main compositions were palmitic acid (37.82%), linoleic acid (44.24%),oleic acid (11.61%) and mallow acid (0.12%).4. In this paper, the methods of the urea adduction fractionation wereinvestigated for purifying linoleic acid from the cotton seed oil. With the purity andyield of linoleic acid as indexes, the optimize conditions were obtain in this study andthese were as follows: the ratio of fatty acid, urea and95%ethanol was (1:1.5:6),adduction temperature was4oC, adduction time was20min, adduction times was2min. Under these optimum conditions, the average purity of linoleic acid were96.63%~97.13%, RSD1.54%(n=3); the average yield of linoleic acid were46.56%~47.18%, RSD2.05%(n=3). The results showed that urea adduction have effectiveseparation and preconcentration of linoleic acid in cottonseed oil.5. The cottonseed, cottonseed meal and cottonseed oil contain a variety of essential trace elements, which cottonseed meal contents higher levels, cottonseedcontents less, cottonseed oil contents minimum. Trace element contents of cottonseedmeal samples in descending order as follows: K> Mg> Ca> Fe> Na> Zn> Mn> Cu>of Se> As, Pb and Cd were not detected; Trace element content of cottonseedsamples in descending order: K> Mg> Ca> Na> Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> Se> As, Pb andCd were not detected; Trace element content of cottonseed oil samples in descendingorder: K> Na> Fe> Mg> Ca> Zn> Cu, Mn, Pb, Cd, As and Se were not detected.