Synthesis And Properties Of Nanorod-like CeO₂and Ce_xLa_1-xO_2-δ Nanoparticles

Cerium oxide（CeO₂）is a kind of rare earth oxide material with low price and widelyuses in the many fields of superconducting material, coating, polishing materials, gas sensors,rubber, lighting, the automobile exhaust catalyst and ceramic. As the synthesis of nanometerCeO₂materials becomes advanced, various morphologies exhibit more superior performances.And doped CeO₂is optimized internally by the lattice structure resulting in that itsperformance has improved, then it is used widely in the more applications.In this work, firstly, a facile, non-toxic, environmental and economy solvothermalmethod was employed to prepare nanorod-like CeO₂particles,with the assistance in thesurfactant（CTAB）, The characterizations such as XRD,SEM and TEM were used to detect andanalyze the product. The effects on the different experimental conditions on the crystalstructure and morphology were also studied. It shows that glycerol was important in thesynthesis of nanorod-like ceria by comparing the morphology of the three samples obtainedwith glycerol, glycol and without organic solvent. Besides, it confirms the ratio of organicsolvent and water. Moreover, In the process of AP decomposition experiment, the resultsshow that the decomposition temperature of AP was decreased from293℃⁴52℃to256℃⁴10℃by the catalysis ofnanorod-like CeO₂particle.Secondly, in the synthesis of La doped cerium oxide by the co-precipitation, the effectsof the doped amount and calcined temperature on the the crystallinity and structure wereexplored by the characterization. The results shows that the interplanar spacingwas magnifiedwith the increased of doping amount, because of the semidiameter of La bigger than Ce. Andthe grain size was increased with the rising of calcined temperature. In addition, in theexperiment of photocatalytic catalysis degradation, the removal rate of the doped products ofdifferent amount on Rhodamine B were also explored. It is concluded that the efficiency ofcatalytic degradation at high temperature was superior than that at low temperature, and thebest ratio of doping was30%.