Application Of Several Biological Indicator In Marine Pollution Monitoring

The application of Biological monitoring in marine environmental assessment andearly warning is increasingly important,but the biomarker research is insufficient andthere are remain many problems in practical application.Therefore,this paper is basedon the biological monitoring and bioaccumulation studies to do some field biologicalmonitoring,hoping to provide reference for the application of biological monitoring.We use the liver of boleophthalmus pectinirostris as the test site.Testing process isdivided into two parts, the first use of broad-spectrum, sensitivity of the antioxidantenzyme SOD and CAT enzyme on Lianyungang in Jiangsu Province, to assess thewater environment in Zhoushan, Zhejiang and Fujian Ningde, and through differentsampling data by time enzyme activity of SOD and CAT enzyme of different analysisas a biomarker for sensitivity and effectiveness.First,we choose the broad spctrum andsensitive enzyme SOD and CAT to assess the water environment in Lianyungang ofJiangsu Province,Zhoushan of Zhejiang province and Ningde of Fujian province,thenanalyse the sensitivity and effectiveness of SOD and CAT enzyme through the enzymeactivity of SOD and CAT enzyme of different sampling data in different time.Theresults show that the SOD enzyme activity in lianyungang is significantly higher thanthe Ningde and Zhoushan in September,November of2010and in February to May of2011.But this cannot be said the water pollution levels in Lianyungang is higher thanthe other two cities.Because the SOD enzymes activity has significantly differenceamong the different months in the same city.Suggesting that the factors cause theenmyze changes not just from environmental pollution but also from theboleophthalmus pectinirostris individual and the nature temperature. Relative to thechanges of SOD activity data, CAT activity changes more quietly. The CAT activity ofLianyungang in July of2010and February,April of2011is significantly higher thanNingde, but in these months, Liangyungang and Zhoushan have no significant difference.It explains that the sensitivity of CAT enzyme is lower than SOD enzyme.But on the other hand, the activity of CAT enzyme in the same city in different monthshas smaller difference than SOD enzyme.It means that CAT enzyme is more stabilitywhich can eliminate the individual and nature temperature factors.Then,we compared the activity of SOD and CAT enzyme in Lianyungang,foundsthat the activity of SOD changes a lot and there is no regular pattern between differentmonths.These results show that the SOD enzyme is sensitive excessively and againstthe repeat principles of biomarker,so it cannot be a effective biomarker in thisresearch.In contrast,CAT enzyme has superiority in repeat principles.There is a bigdifference between this research and some related research in the laboratory.Intraditional acute toxicyty experiments,SOD enzyme has a greater advantage than CATenzyme,but in this research it turns out the opposite result.Also, through the abovetesting results we can find that the biological monitoring from the same water atdifferent time and have the different result.And we know that the another important principle is the contrast of biologicalmarkers.In order to apply the SOD and CAT enzyme in practice, we must make someprogress in the standard-setting. From these results we know, except the outsidecontaminants, some other factors can have an impact on enzyme activity and be a bigobstacle to the establishment of standards of the two enzymes. On the other hand,italso has proven that the establishment of standards of the two enzymes cannot be set instone, they need changes associated with the developmental stages of the local naturalenvironment and the individual growth period.Based on this, we used the biological methods to to analyze the Cd level in liverof boleophthalmus pectinirostris. The results are obvious, the Cd concentration inLianyungang is signaficantly higher than the other2cities among the10months,itdeclares that the Lianyungang has a relatively high risk of Cd pollution.It also remindsthe Lianyungang marine governance department to do some further investigation toreduce the possibility of Cd pollution.So,it demonstrates that the biological monitoringhas a good effect on Cd pollution warning.It can be concludede from the results above that biological monitoring has thepotential of marine environmental assessment and early warning but it is still lack of the standard-setting. Established research is of high value and practical significance,but it also requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the choice of whichone or what type of biological markers can put into practical application has muchcontroversy, the biological monitoring studies are still a long way to go.