The Extraction And Isolation Of Main Nutrients In Perilla Seed

Perilla has been cultivated in China for more than2000years, all of its stem, leaf andseed can been used as medicine, which is also one of first60medicinal and edible plantspromulgated by the Chinese Ministry of Health. As a new resource of health plant oil,perilla and seed nutrients are concerned by more and more people and the related productsdevelopment and utilization is to become the research hot spots in the world. In this thesis,the systematic studies about perilla seed nutrients were conducted in the term of perilla oilextraction and its physical-chemical properties determination, alpha-linolenic acid inclusion,meal protein isolation, and the results showed that:Firsty, perilla oil were extracted by cold-pressed monthed and its physical andchemical properties were decteted respectively as: iodine value188.165g/100g, acid value0.963mg/g, peroxide value1.653meq/kg, saponification value191.190mg/g, density0.918g/mL. Fatty acid in perilla oil analysized by Gas chromatography showed thatpalmitic acid was7.02%, oleic acid21.93%, linoleic acid8.69%, α-linolenic acid63.36%,and unsaturated fatty acids was92.98%in total fatty acids.Secondly, the optimal conditions for alpha-linolenic acid inclusion in the method ofbeta-cyclodextrin were determined, single-factor screening for different reaction time,reaction temperature, the inclusion time as well as the solid-liquid ratio, and then theorthogonal experimental studies were conducted, and the results were: reaction time1.5h,the reaction temperature60°C, the the inclusion time15h, solid-liquid ratio of1:10. Underthese conditions, alpha-linolenic acid inclusion rate was up to85.12%.Thirdly, combined single factor with orthogonal experiments, the extraction process ofperilla meal protein were optimized with alkali-soluble and acid precipitation method andcellulose method, respectively. The results showed that, influencing factors in order foralkali-soluble and acid-precipitation method was: pH>solid-liquid ratio>alkali-solution reaction temperature>alkali-solution time, and the optimum conditions was pH9.0,alkali-solution time40min, reaction temperature was50°C and solid-liquid ratio1:12.Under this condition the protein extraction rate (percentage of extracted protein in the totalmeal quality) was21.36%, the purity was82.32%, and the yield was50.55%. Theinfluencing factors in order for cellulose method was pH>reaction temperature>cellulasecontent>reaction time, the optimum conditions was pH5.0, reaction time50min, reactiontemperature55°C and cellulase2%. Under this condition, the protein extraction rate was38.12%, the purity was83.74%and the yield was up to84.60%. The results suggested thatcellulose method was comparatively better than the method of alkali-soluble andacid-precipitation.