Investigation On Preparation And The Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities Of The Sodium Borosilicate Glasses Doped With CuInS₂Series Quantum Dots

Because of their excellent third-order nonlinear optical properties and potential applications in information and photoelectron technology fields, quantum dots glass materials were studied focused on nonlinear optics. At present, in the field of the third-order nonlinear optical properties, there was no reported on the glasses containing the systematic CuInS2quantum dots. For this purpose, the sodium borosilicate glasses, which contained Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ2family quantum dots, were studied as research object in this paper, and the preparation, microstructure characterization, and the third-order nonlinear optical properties of the quantum dots glasses were researched scientifically. In order to realize the preparation of the series of quantum dots glasses, a facile and effective preparation process and method was employed, and the microstructures of quantum dots doped in these glasses were characterized by a variety of techniques. Furthermore, in order to measure the third-order nonlinear optical properties of these glasses, the Z-scan technique was employed. Many excellent propeties in nonlinear optics of these glasses, which contained CuxS、In2S3and CuInS2quantum dots, exhibited through the parameters of the third-order nonlinear refraction and nonlinear absorption coefficient. It might offer of theoretical and practical foundation for further application of these glasses in nonlinear optics field. To the above research essentials proposed, the main research contents in this paper are summarized as follows:(1) The sodium borosilicate glasses and the sodium borosilicate glasses containing CuxS, In2S3, CuInS2quantum dots were prepared by employing both sol-gel and atmosphere control methods. By means of Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), etc, the process feasibility was investigated. The process route was as follows:firstly, in oxygen (O2) atmosphere thees stiff gel were heated at a rate of10℃/3h up to450℃, and kept10h at this temperature to remove organic substance and decompose nitrate. Secondly, in order to form metallic Cu, metallic In and alloy metallic Cu-In, these aerogel were exposed to dry hydrogen (H2) at450℃for10h. Then, in order to form CuxS, In2S3, CuInS2quantum dots these aerogel were heated at450℃for10h in sulfuretted hydrogen (H2S) atmospheres. Thirdly, these aerogel treated at a rate of10℃/1h up to600℃in nitrogen (N2) atmosphere, and kepted10h at this temperature. Finally, the sodium borosilicate glasses, which contained CuxS, In2S3and CuInS2quantum dots, were obtained. (2) In this paper, the microstructures and the third-order nonlinear optical properties of the sodium borosilicate glasses, which contain CuxS, In2S3and CuInS2quantum dots, is mainly emphasized. The microstructures of the glasses were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the sodium borosilicate glasses CuxS, In2S3and CuInS2quantum dots, which had regular spherical shape, had been formed uniformly, and their sizes ranged from several to within thirty nanometers. Meanwhile, the absorption spectrum of the sodium borosilicate glasses appeared and shifted toward red light because of these quantum dots, indicated that the significant quantum confinement effect might have occured in the glasses. Furthermore, the third-order nonlinear optical parameters of the glasses at800nm were measured through the Z-scan technique. Very strong third-order nonlinear optical properties of the glasses were exhibited from these results. The important factors affecting for the third-order nonlinear optical properties of the glasses are mainly quantum confinement effects, thermal effects, the third-order nonlinear optical absorption effect, and so on.