Characteristics And Sources Of Typical Organic Pollutants In Indoor Air Caused By Moxibustion And Printers

Traditional Chinese medical science, moxibustion, was chosen as a kind of indoor combustion sources, then emission characteristics of MAHC, HCHO and PAHs in moxibustion somke, raw materials and burnt-up ashes of moxa sticks were analysed. Meanwhile, MAHC concentrations emitted from inkjet and laser printers while working was determined. In addition, the organic contamination situation of hospital acupuncture rooms and12printer shops were under survey, and exposure levels and cancer risks of different groups of people to these pollutants were also evaluaed. The main conclusion of the dissertation were as follows:(1) Concentrations of10MAHC in acupuncture room air was535.17μg/m3, HCHO was157.93μg/m3,16PAHs was12.86μg/m3and Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was2.93ng/m3. PAHs were mainly in vapor phase (92.1%), Benzo(a)anthracene (BaA,31.1%) and Naphthalene (NA,27.4%) were main contributors to the total health risks associated with the toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ). Exposure quantity to organic pollutants of moxibustion doctors were3.4-4.7times higher than patients, and the highest cancer risk of HCHO was over200times than EPA standard.(2) Concentrations of16PAHs was19.01±20.842μg/m3, and BaP was0.098±0.091μg/m3. TEQ of all moxa smoke was mainly in5-ring PAHs (43.7%-78.3%). MAHC release order was Smoke (1.417±0.435mg/g)> Micro-smoke (1.168mg/g)> Free-smoke (0.272±0.100mg/g); HCHO release order was Micro-smoke (0.416mg/g)> Smoke (0.269mg/g)> Free-smoke (0.125mg/g); PAHs concentration order in raw materials was Micro-smoke (6.684μg/g)> Free-smoke (1.420±0.252μg/g)> Smoke (0.175±0.213μg/g); PAHs concentration order in burnt-up ashes was Micro-smoke (1.765μg/g)> Free-smoke (0.611±0.317μg/g)> Smoke (0.112±0.222μg/g). (3) Mean concentration of10MAHC in the air of12printer shops was1.7-28.4times higher than that of outdoors, and styrene was29.83±116.05μg/m3(25.1%of total MAHC). When one hundred sheets of paper had been printed by laser printers,81.39～254.30μg of10MAHC was released. In addition, there was no obvious difference between black/white and color laser printers.(4) Source analysis experiments by using blue/red/yellow/black toner indicated that benzene was mainly produced by volatilization process, while styrene and toluene was produced by combined volatilization and oxidation process. MAHC release quantity order was red> black> blue> yellow. MAHC emitted from blue toner was mainly generated by volatilization process, while MAHC emitted from red and black toner was generated by combined volatilization and oxidation process.