The Preparation Of Magnetic Composite Nanomaterials Based On Electrospinning Technology And Their Applications On Wastewater Treatment

Fe3O4, as a significant member of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), has attracted great attention from researchers due to its inherent superparamagnetic properties, small size and peroxidase-like catalytic activity. Magnetic composite nanomaterials prepared by many methods have great potential applications in biomedical, environment monitoring and treatment.Recently, many approaches have been reported to produce magnetic composite nanomaterials, such as emulsion polymerization, in situ chemical synthesis, blending-embedding, et al. Unfortunately, these methods are time-consuming, complex and harmful to environment. Therefore, developing a simple, quick and less energy consumption method to prepare magnetic composite nanomaterials is very necessary. As a simple and effective method to produce nanofibers, electrospinning is applied to prepare many different kinds of nanofibers.Base on the fruit of those good works, in this paper, we prepared two novel functional magnetic composite nanomaterials, which are Fe3O4/PAN composite nanofibers with catalytic activity and Fe3O4/CS/PVP composite nanofibers being able to self-assemble into Fe3O4/CS composite nanoparticles. And their applications in wastewater treatment are systematically researched. The main research can be summarized as follows:(1) Fe3O4/PAN composite nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning technology. The morphology, chemical composition and magnetic characteristics of the product were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD and VSM. The results indicate that the composite nanofibers have a uniform structure and smooth surface, crystalline Fe3O4nanoparticles distribute in nanofibers, and composite nanofibers show a great superparamagnetism.(2) The catalytic activity of the Fe3O4/PAN composite nanofibers toward degradation MB was studied systemically. And its’optimum degradation conditions were studied as well. Also, the recycle experiments were carried out under optimum conditions. The results show that the maximum degradation amount of MB can be achieved at pH6.0,10%Fe3O4content in nanofibers,100mg of nanofibers dose,15%concentration of H2O2and70℃for300min. And the composite nanofibers are easy reusable and recyclable.(3) Fe3O4/CS/PVP composite nanofibers were successfully prepared using coaxial-electrospinning technology, which can self-assemble into Fe3O4/CS composite nanoparticles. The morphology, chemical composition and magnetic characteristics of the composite nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, FT-IR, XRD and VSM. The results show that the size of Fe3O4/CS composite nanoparticles is around40nm. Moreover, composite nanoparticles have several functional groups on its surface and a good superparamagnetism.(4) Simultaneously, the adsorption capacity of the composite nanoparticles using Gu2+as template was studied systemically. And its’optimum adsorption conditions were studied as well. Also, the recycle experiments were carried out under optimum condition. The results show that the maximum adsorption amount can be achieved at pH6.0,100mg of composite nanoparticles dose and200mg/L of initial concentration of Gu2+for300min. And the composite nanoparticles are easy reusable and recyclable.