Distribution And Health Risk Assessment On PPCPs In Hai River Basin, China

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment through many ways, for example, excretion of human and animals, bathing or swimming, wastes in the production, garbage in the hospital, and so on. Most of PPCPs were soluble in the water, but some of them were not able to degradation or inversion, also some of them resist in free reform or degradation.A method for the simultaneous determination of ten pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs)(acetaminophen, lincomycin, trimethoprim, caffeine, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, tylosin, diltiazem, carbamazepine and fluoxetine) in sediments and water using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric was established. To investigate the PPCPs pollution status and their distribution characters,34surface sediment samples (at the top0-5cm layer) were collected from13principal tributaries in Hai River basin,44surface water in (at the top of0-10cm layer) were collected from12principal rivers in Beijing. Compared with other countries, the concentrations of PPCPs in sediment and water samples were in the high levels of magnitude of those reported on background levels in remote lakes in Asia, European and American countries, which shows high-level PPCPs concentration in sediments and waters.(1) A method for the simultaneous determination of ten pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs)(acetaminophen, lincomycin, trimethoprim, caffeine, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, tylosin, diltiazem, carbamazepine and fluoxetine) in sediments and water using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric was established. Samples were first extracted with ultrasonic, then cleaned up by solid phase extraction, and finally determined by tandem mass spectrometry with MRM mode. The linear equation, correlation coefficient, limit of detection, inner standard recovery and RSD were well investigated. The method has been successfully applied to the survey of selected ten PPCPs in sediments from Tuhai and Duliujian River, China.(2) To investigate the PPCPs pollution status and their distribution characters,42surface sediment samples (at the top0-5cm layer)were collected from13principal tributaries in Hai River basin. The contents of10PPCPs congeners in sediments were measured using Agilent1290/6460HPLC-MS/MS technique and the measured levels of PPCPs ranged from49.43～735.98ng·g-1dw. Among the10kinds of PPCPs, caffeine were the most predominate congeners; with their contents accounting for40.77%of the total PPCPs concentration observed in the samples. In this study, the highest concentration of PPCPs was detected in the sediment samples from Zhangweixin River, with geometric mean735.98ng·g-1dw. Compared with other countries, the concentrations of PPCPs in sediment samples were in the same order of magnitude of those reported on background levels in remote lakes in Asia, European and American countries, which shows low-level PPCPs concentration in sediments.(3) To investigate the PPCPs pollution status and their distribution characters,44surface water samples (at the top0-30cm layer) were collected from12principal tributaries in Beijing. The contents of10PPCPs congeners in surface water were measured using Agilent1290/6460HPLC-MS/MS technique and the measured levels of PPCPs ranged from9019.92-460546.40μg·L-1. Among the10kinds of PPCPs, caffeine and acetaminophen were the most predominate congeners, with their content accounting for97.3%and1.18%of the total PPCPs concentration observed in the samples. In this study, the high concentration of PPCPs were detected in the surface water samples from Yongyin river, Wenyu river, Tonghui river, Hucheng river, Sanhai, Ba river, Liangshui river and Lianhua river, with geometric mean406659.90,460546.91,457962.56,153077.77,126067.48,450877.48,236847.66and126756.01μg·L-1, respectively. Compared with other countries, the concentrations of PPCPs in surface water samples were in the high order of magnitude of those reported on background levels in remote lakes in Asia, European and American countries, which shows high-level PPCPs concentration in surface water.(4) The data of the study area demonstrate that13principal tributaries in Haihe River basin and12principal river were polluted by Caffeine and various antibiotics, and the concentrations were rather high. This were accorded with the fact that antibiotics were abused in our country.(5) We can make a conclusion about Health risk Assessment according to the results of Hai River basin and Beijing Urban water. Caffeine and antibiotics are at a high level in Hai River sediments and Beijing Urban water. This perhaps could cause potential harmful to organisms even human beings. This phenomenon should be paid more attention by relevant departments.