The Impact Of Land Use Change On Ecological Effects In Jinan Changqing District

As the terrestrial ecosystem which the mankind depends on for living, the conversionsbetween land’ utilization structure and type have an effect on changes of the regionalecological environmental quality. Taking the land use map at the year of2003,2006and2010,topographic map and socioeconomic data of Changqing District as data sources, usingARCGIS9.3and FRAGSTATS3.3, this paper comprehensively analyzed the characteristics ofland use temporal and spatial evolution in Changqing District at the year of2003,2006and2010, then on this basis, on the one hand, built the ecosystem service function value evaluationindex system and evaluated ecosystem service function value of Changqing District; on theother hand, based on land landscape fragility index, dominance index and isolation index, builtecological risk evaluation index system and evaluated the ecological risk of Changqing District.By the aforementioned Work, this paper revealed the land use changes and the resultingecological effect in Changqing District in recent years, and provided theoretical basis andreference value for the land rational utilizations in the future, in order to promote sustainableutilization of land resources and realize social economy and ecological environmentcoordinated development in Changqing District. In this paper, main conclusions are as follows:(1) In Changqing District which mainly on agriculture, cropland has the largest proportion,which is followed by forest land and construction land; there are differences between land usestatus of different towns and spatial differences are also very obvious; the proportion ofcropland and construction land are relatively large in the towns located in the plain area, thetowns located in low-lying areas of the Yellow River have rich waters landscape, moreover,forest land and grassland landscape of towns in the southeast hilly area are plentiful.(2) In the aspect of land-use structure change, from2003to2010, in Changqing District,the proportion of cropland and grassland has declined while the proportion of orchard andperennial plantations, forest land, water area, construction land and the other land has increased,and the other land has changed in maximum. The rate of change of different land-use types from largest to smallest once ranked as follows: the other land> forest land> orchard andperennial plantations> grassland> water area> construction land> cropland. In the aspect ofland use dynamic degree change, the degree in the central downtown of Changqing District islarger than other areas, and construction land and forest land grew relatively fast while otherland decelerated quickly, the urbanization level of central downtown of Changqing District inthe past seven years has gradually increased, and in the process of urbanization, the demand forother land has increased and more attention have been paid to the construction of urbangreening. In towns located in hilly area, orchard and perennial plantations and grasslandincreased rapidly, this is mainly affected by the local topography. In towns located in the area oflow-lying plains, orchard and perennial plantations and grassland decreased rapidly, because ofprotection for waters of the Yellow River and the building needs. In the aspect of land typesconversion，from2003to2010, the order of different land relatively transferred rate as follows:the other land> orchard and perennial plantations> grassland> forest land> water area>construction land> cropland, while the order of relative rotation rate of different land types isthe other land> orchard and perennial plantations> forest land> grassland> water area>construction land> cropland. In the aspect of land use landscape patterns change, on the levelof patch, from2003-2010, land aggregation degree of cropland, orchard and perennialplantations, forest land, grassland and the other land are low and present to come down,fragmentation degree assume an uptrend. Overall, in2003,2006and2010, in ChangqingDistrict, fragmentation degree of the waters area and construction land are low whileaggregation degree of cropland and construction land are high, the fractal dimensions of waterarea, forest land, grassland are at high level, landscape is maintained well by lower degree ofhuman disturbance. At the landscape level,2003-2010, fragmentation index of ChangqingDistrict has increased, there showed a trend to fragmentation overall, and this illustrates thesegmentation effect of human activities on landscape has gradually increased. The continuedslowdown in fractal dimension shows the interference of human activities on landscape divisionis gradually enhanced and the aggregation degree of edge patches has decreased.(3)In2003-2010, the ecosystem service function value in Changqing District has present arising trend, especially from2003to2006; forest land, water area and cropland have a highercontribution rate to ecosystem service function value; there are obvious difference from town to town, the towns with more forest and more water have higher ecosystem service function value.During2003-2010, except Zhangxia Town, the rest towns’ ecosystem service function valuehas increased to varying degrees, especially in Wande Town and Guyunhu Subdistrict, the valuehas a big increment, and the value of other towns in ecosystem services is relatively stable. Thisstudy result shows that the changes of forest and water have significant influences ecosystemservice function value, and forest land and water area have played important role in protectingregional ecological security. Therefore, in the process of urbanization, the government shouldimprove the ecological construction of forestry and water on the basis of the maximumprotection of cultivated land resources.(4)In2003-2010, the ecological risk index and the degree of risk of Changqing Districthave increased, and from the District overall, there was a increasing trend after a prior reduction;ecological risk degree of every town in Changqing District has increased at different levels, andthe significantly enhanced areas are mainly located in the high-altitude region involvingShuangquan Town, Mashan Town, Wande Town and Wufengshan Subdistrict and the southlandof the Yellow River including Guide Town and Xiaoli Town, and the risk change of threesubdistricts in northern central downtown was not very obvious. The reasons why some townswhich located in the first and second level ecological risk region have higher ecological risk arebecause of the degradations of forest land and grassland quality, the relative fragility of riverecosystem and pollution problems. The towns located in the third level ecological risk region,which construction land accounts a larger proportion and the landscape integrity is maintainedgood, therefore these towns have a low the probability of landscape fragmentation.