Study On Finite Element Numerical Simulation For Piston Of A Certain Aerial Piston Engine

Aviation piston engine is mainly used for the low-speed aircraft below an altitude of5000meterswhich includes trainer aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, agriculture and forestry use and so on. Andit possesses high thermal efficiency, simple structure, low fuel consumption and large thrust to weightratio. Therefore, it has broad application prospects, making it an important direction for futureaviation aircraft power plant. Safety and reliability of aviation piston engine is greatly influenced bythe strength of the piston structure which is a key component of the aviation piston engines.In this paper, the piston of a type of aviation piston engine is discussed by using the finiteelement method. The study can be divided into four steps: the first step is the summary of the finiteelement theory for piston; next step is to get a method to determine the piston temperature fieldboundary conditions; the third step is to establish the finite element model of the piston; finally, thelast step is the numerical analysis of the temperature field and stress field of the piston using ANSYSthe structural analysis software. From analysis and calculation, we can know that, in the engine cruisestate (Rotating at5000RPM), the highest temperature is340.3℃, the maximum thermal stress for78.46MPa, maximum thermal deformation of0.22mm, and the biggest mechanical stress170.63Mpa. Through the comparison of the piston mechanical stress distribution and comprehensive stressdistribution, it can be found that the greatest stress distribution area is in the piston pin hole positionaround the upper, but because of the temperature load the comprehensive stress of piston is reducedabout40MPa. The research and analysis in this paper is very significance. It makes us a in-depthunderstanding of the heated situation of piston, and provides a precise theory basis for reducing theheat load, improving the stress distribution and other optimization designs. What’s more, the researchcan be used for the failure analysis of aviation piston engine, also can be applied to improve aviationpiston engine reliability and service life.At present, the research of strength and structural response of aviation piston engine is few. Inthe domestic, this paper put forward the finite element analysis method to study the problem. Thismethod can be used to verify the safety of aviation piston engine. It provides technical reserves forpiston structure optimization design of aviation piston engine. What’s more, it has great significanceto the engineering application of aviation piston engine, etc.