Research On The New Fire-Retardant Exterior Insulation Materials Toughened By The Cardanol

With the strong promotion of building energy efficiency and in recent years, major domestic fire incidents continue to occur, the phenolic foam as one of the most important energy-saving materials flame retardant insulation is expected to replace the flammable insulation material, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, et al. The phenolic foam is a new flame retardant insulation materials, it has heat, acid corrosion, excellent flame-retardant, low smoke and toxic characteristics. However, Phenolic foam obtained by the traditional phenol and formaldehyde, brittleness and the dregs phenomenon is more serious. The paper to use with a flexible chain of cardanol a partial substitute for phenol to synthesize resin, which improved the brittleness of phenolic foam, the toughness effect of the foam. The research contents in this paper were got mainly as follows:The foamable phenolic resin was synthesized, using phenol, cashew phenols, formaldehyde as raw material, NaOH as catalyst, ethylene glycol as additive. The adding methods of the materials, molar ratio, cardanol substitution, catalyst content, reaction time, reaction temperature, ethylene glycol volume and their affection on physical and chemical properties of product were investigated. The suitable reaction conditions were that molar ratio 1.6, Cardanol substitution 20%,1% catalyst, reaction time 3h, reaction temperature 80℃, ethylene glycol 10%. And the resin was characterized by IR and TGA.On the basis of the synthesis of the integrated performance foamable toughening phenolic resin, The effects of viscosity and solid content on properties of foam were investigated, indexes of resin of operation available and getting good properties of foam were given:viscosity and solid content of resin should be controlled at 2000-5000cP and 75%-81%.When viscosity and solid content of resin were determined, we used the integrated performance foamable toughening phenolic resin as matrix to prepare the the fluorine-free low-corrosion organic acids foam. The effects of blowing agent content, curing agent content, surface active agent content and foaming temperature on properties of foam were discussed, and the results showed that, the suitable foam formula were the foamable phenolic resin content:blowing agent content:curing agent content:surface active agent content=100:15:15:6, the suitable foaming temperature was 80～90℃.Finally, the preparation of phenolic foam was characterized by TG, SEM observation of dense foam structure. Oxygen index of 48, excellent flame retardant effect, the thermal conductivity of 0.028 w/(m·k), good insulation effect; compressive strength 0.30Mpa, the main indicators in line with the requirements of the exterior insulation materials. And data analysis of the energy saving effect is remarkable.