Landscape Health Assessment Of Xinqiang River National Wetland Park In Hunan Province

With rapid economic development in recent years, new industries are emerging in an endless stream, and urbanization advancement speeds up unceasingly. At the same times, urban green land coverage greatly met human requirements of entertaining places and outdoor environment. However, it leads to the shocking ecological problems such as depletion of the resources, the environmental destruction and degradation of the wetland. In order to efficiently cut down the urban wetland erosion, the establishment of Wetland Park is an important guarantee for landscape controlling and rational utilization of resources to human being.The construction of Wetland Park in Chinese is in the initial stage, lacking of in the systematic theories as well as practical guidance. Building the scientific and reasonable landscape health assessing system is beneficial to guide the construction of urban wetland into the right healthy growth, and also adds the urban wetland park construction into the framework of urban ecological planning.Focusing on the research of health system of the urban wetland park from the perspective of landscape can provide a comprehensive platform for carrying on the combining of the social economic value and natural ecological process.The paper established the Assessment System of Landscape Health from three aspects about landscape pattern, wetland environment structure, and social economic function, by taking the theory of Landscape Health and Landscape Ecology as a guide, basing on overview of Wetland Park research from home and aborad, and using the ArcGIS to be a Technical Support tool and the feasibility and necessity to be the guiding principle. In addition, the study calculated and analyzed each weight in this system, and finally took the Xinqianghe National Wetland Park in Yueyang as an example to make comprehensive analysis and demonstration of landscape health assessment, and put forward the landscape planning ideas. The results showed as following:(1)The health score of the environmental structure in Xinheqiang wetland park was0.9311, showing that was in good health. The order of the secondary indexes was respectively:Air Quality Compliance rate (1.0973)>the qualification rate of industrial sewage discharge (0.9540)>the degree of ground cleanness(0.9430)> the qualification rate of drinking water source (0.9150)>green field coverage rate(0.8629)>regional environmental noises(0.7667). The environment construction in this wetland was more intact and had certain restore ability, therefore it can do benign succession(2) Landscape spatial pattern accounted for the largest area of Xinqianghe National Wetland Park (4513.4hm2, most proportion(area ratio is64.2%), however, the landscape diversity was low. Fragmentation index was low, and the landscape fragmentation index was0.0778. The landscape evenness index was0.6762,and it showed that the distribution of the Wetland landscape elements was not reasonable.(3)The socioeconomic function index in Xinheqiang National Wetland Park followed by:Agricultural productivity value (1.1592)、GDP Annual growth rate (1.1000)、average per capita income (1.0409)、Cultural content and aesthetic values (0.7200). Scientific research value (0.7600)、tourism (0.6100). Its overall score was0.7998, being in subhealth situation.(4) After the overall analysis of the landscape health assessment of Xinqianghe National Wetland Park, the order of the score was:wetland environmental structure(0.9311)>socioeconomic function(0.7998)> landscape spatial pattern(0.6443). Based on the abovementioned analysis together with wetland park planning theory, the National Wetland Park were divided into four functional area, two Cooperation development area, and made the adjustments and optimization for the structure of each area,The innovation of this paper lies in landscape ecology theory as the guide, combining with landscape health theory to construct Wetland Park Landscape Health Assessment System. According to this research, it not only provided advice to the healthy development of the Nation Wetland Park, but also made the preliminary discussion on the wetland park construction planning in our country.