The Study On Ergonomics Design And Modeling Art Factors Of Road Construction Equipment And Vehicles

Road construction equipment and vehicles have adistinctive feature that the engineering equipment formcontains the vehicle shape. So, their design requirements arevery different from other types of vehicles or industrialproducts. It is the key to the design work how we can betteruse of art design ways and means to improve the ergonomicperformance of such products. These are also the difficultiesof design works of such products. Therefore, to find ways ofthe art design ideas and methods to help designers to work inroad construction equipment and vehicles design is the purposeof this article. The study combined with the actual product casewhile the theoretical analysis.This paper screened out three types of art design factorsas the analysis object, including the basic design elements,structure and layout, aesthetic rules and laws. The basicdesign elements are the basic materials of design which mainlyreflected in the design elements watched and felt by people inappearance of road construction equipment and vehicles design.They include color, shape and texture effects. Structure andlayout means the structural relationship between the variousparts and the spatial location of various functional parts andcomponents of road construction equipment and vehicles.Structure and layout will affect equipment performance andpersonnel control effect. The aesthetics rules and laws isubiquitous in the design, but they are not directly apparent.Their implementation requires the use of a variety of modeling tools and methods. In this article, the aesthetic rules and lawsis divided into sixty groups, including the characteristic type,contrast type, method type and principle type. Each type hasits characteristics and role in their own special way.Road construction equipment and vehicles requires acomplex operation to complete their tasks，so human-machineperformance is a top priority of the design goals. The articlesummed up four objectives direction based on productcharacteristics, including the appearance of the productperception, human-machine interface (display system, controlsystem) interactive, Safety and comfort of the job handling andthe environment，efficiency and effectiveness of operations.The appearances of the product perception directly accepted bythe human senses and then cause psychological reactions.Human-machine interface interactive and safety and comfort areboth directly affected by the basic design elements, structureand layout and also indirectly affected by psychologicalreactions. Efficiency and effectiveness of operations aremainly indirectly achieved while the first three man-machinedesign direction has been raised，in addition to the directimpact of the style and structure layout.The influence way of three art and design factors forman-machine design goals are not the same. So，we need tocomplement each other to make comprehensive use of them in thedesign process. Precautions include:First, for the appearance of the perception, the basicdesign elements should be combined with structure and layout.Appropriate color, shape, texture, structure and layout willresult in a positive psychological reaction to manipulators.Also note to select the appropriate aesthetic rules and lawsto guide the design.Second, for human-computer interaction, the main purposeis to design a suitable interactive interface. This requires us to analyze the physiological and psychological of themanipulators, and to consider the impacts of interactiveinterface to safe， comfortable， operating efficiency andeffectiveness.Third, consider the implementation of safety and comfort.On the one hand, good appearance of the perception and suitableinteractive interface can improve operator’s comfort. On theother hand, for specific safety and comfort requirements suchas anti-vibration, anti-sand, to prevent noise, shading, andetc.，we should combine the artistic factors and the materialand technical factors together in the design.Fourth, for the improving of operational efficiency andeffectiveness, it should be indirectly realized by theappearance of the perception，human-computer interaction，safety and comfort. Therefore, operational efficiency andeffectiveness needs to be taken into account while complete thefirst three design goals.Fifth, the process of applying of art rules and laws in thedesign of road construction equipment and vehicles need tocombine with the concrete practice. Art rules and laws ofcharacteristic type require the designer choose to useaccording to their own understanding. The contrast typesrequire the designer accurately determine the position ofdesign results between the two contrasting phases. The methodtypes require the designer learn to use the inherent method inpractice. The principle types require the comprehensiveconsideration of various factors and the right direction ofdesign guidelines and reference.