Study On Indoor Thermal Environment In Dwellings Of Guangzhou Urban Village

The subjective thermal sensation and the satisfaction of indoor thermal environment of human are affected by thermal comfort adaptability obviously, which is proved by the studies of thermal comfort of the human body in the natural ventilation building or no air-conditioning building. Especially to people who living in the summer hot and winter warm zone, the human body thermal sensation is difficult to meet the neutral for the high temperature and humidity in the natural ventilation building, and it is inevitable that adaptability plays an important role to the thermal comfort. Therefore, with the typical urban village in Guangzhou (Huangpu Village) as objects of study, by the long-term monitor and the massive questionnaire survey, the characteristic of residential indoor thermal environment in urban village are summarized. And the study of indoor thermal comfort adaptability in summer is carried out by theoretical analysis and regression.Based on the general survey, persistent field measurements were made by the research group in five representative houses which contained an end terraced apartment, a middle terraced apartment, an end terraced house, a middle terraced house and a detached house. And the objective parameters in the measurements included air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and etc, and the testing time covered the sunny days and rainy days. From the result of the persistent field measurements, we can see that:the heat-shielding performances of the test rooms were not good and the indoor temperature is higher than30℃; indoor temperature was greatly effected by solar radiation, and the indoor thermal environment improved significantly when turned to rain; the relative humidity in the test rooms was high and was higher than60%in the most of time, and the middle terraced house which had poor ventilation had the highest relative humidity. In addition, suggestions for improving the indoor thermal environment were made:the orientations of end terraced and detached houses should be paied attention and selected, and sunshade and thermal insulation of wall can be the approaches to improve the indoor thermal environment, and night ventilation can speed up heat dissipation of houses; opening windows should be use to enhance natural ventilation in the middle terraced houses in the daytime, and mechanical ventilation should be use at night, so as to reduce the indoor humidity.From questionnaire survey and objective measurements, in allusion to347residents, the adaptive behavior of residents, subjective thermal sensation and indoor and outdoor thermal environment parameters were collected by the research group. After counting the statistics, the thermal comfort adaptability of residents were studied by theoretical analysis and regression, and the conclusions indicated as follows:1. From the linear regressive curves of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Mean Thermal Sensation (MTS) to the indoor/outdoor air temperature, the range of accepted temperature based on MTS was wider than that based on PMV, and the neutral temperature based on MTS was higher than that based on PMV, which suggests that occupants in urban village seemed to adapted themselves to the local climate in summer.2. The range of accepted indoor temperature was22.7-28.6℃, and the neutral indoor temperature was25.7℃.3. The difference between the appraisal model of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV-PPD) and the measured Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) indicated the values of PMV are higher than that of MTS in the same temperature, and the adaptive comfort model summarized by TSV is more suitable for appraise the indoor thermal comfort of natural ventilation building.4. The preferred temperature of occupants in urban village was24.7℃in summer, which is lower than the neutral indoor temperature (25.7℃).5. The indoor adaptive thermal comfort model of summer in Guangzhou urban village was established as: Tn=0.2962Tout+18.9775(22.7<Tn<28.6), R=0.78946. The adaptabilities of occupants to the indoor thermal environment showed up as behavioral, psychological and physiological adaptation, thereinto, behavioral adaptation included adjusting clothing, using cooling equipments and the living habits. By comparing the range of accepted indoor temperature and the neutral indoor temperature in different areas, the psychological adaptation of occupants was proved. The linear regressive curves of the neutral indoor temperature to the mean indoor temperature indicated that the occupants adjust thermal balance to meet the comfort expect through many physiological ways. 7. The strategy of climate design for naturally ventilated buildings in Guangzhou is "Natural ventilation+Mechanical ventilation+Air condition".