Human Thermal Comfort Based On Physiology And Psychology In Naturally Indoor And Built Environment

"Human Orientation" and "Energy Saving" is the two major themes in the development of current society and economy. In the thermal comfort field, these two major themes are reflected in the relationship between human thermal comfort and building energy consumption. Therefore, to identify the effect of thermal environment on human physiology and psychology and determine human acceptable temperature range under naturally indoor and built environment is very important, which plays a vital role to meet human body's real thermal comfort and health requirements, as well as optimize the built environment design and reduce building energy consumption. The studies of human thermal comfort based on physiology and psychology in naturally indoor and bulit environment were carried out with healthy college students, using physiological experiment, physical testing and questionnaires survey methods during 2007 and 2009. The main research work and conclusions based on these studies were described as the following aspects:①The response characteristics of human physiological parameters to the change of thermal environment. Under the whole year temperature range in the naturally indoor and bulit environment, the response characteristics of nerve conduction velocity and skin temperature with operative temperature change and the staying time were performed. Two main conclusions are obtained as follows:1) Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity (SCV) and skin temperature show good response characteristics with indoor operative temperature change, and the response of SCV to indoor operative temperature can be divided into three different temperature stages, namely low-temperature stage, middle-temperature stage and high-temperature stage. In the middle temperature stage, SCV can respond to the operative temperature change accordingly, while in the high-temperature stage and the low-temperature stage, this response is significantly weakened. While in the natural environment with low operative temperature, the length of staying time has significant effect on SCV and skin temperature. SCV present an exponential decay trend with staying time when the operative temperature between (9.5±0.4)℃and (21.8±0.4)℃.2) SCV can be used as a neural physiological parameter to reflect the change of indoor thermal environment. The response of SCV and Tskin (scv) to thermal environmental changes are consistent, which shows a significant linear correlationship. Under different opertive temperatures, SCV changes with staying time significantly: when the operative temperature is lower, the decaying amplitude of SCV is greater. Otherwise, skin temperature of different body parts (besides back) has significantly positive relationship with operative temperature. When the operative temperature is higher, the trend difference of skin temperature varying with the operature temperature is smaller. When the operative temperature is lower, it shows the contrary result. In the low operature temperature environment, the increased skin temperature difference is one of the important reason of body feeling uncomfortably cold.②Human thermal comfort questionnaire survey. The questionnaire survey was carried out while the physiology experimental researches were going on. The features of body's clothing regulation and behavior expectations were analysed. And the relationship of thermal neutral temperature varying with indoor and outdoor operative temperature were discussed. Meanwhile, the psychologically acceptable operative temperature range of diffenent body parts were obtained. In the end, it analysed the method that discuss the acceptable operative temperature range in naturally indoor and built environment. Three main conclusion are obtained as follows:1) Body's clothing regulation has a certain adaptive capacity to thermal environment change in naturally indoor and built environment. Between (15.8±0.4)℃and (27.8±0.5)℃, people can improve theirselves thermal comfort by regulate clothing. Besides, the measure people chosen to improve their thermal comfort is various in low temperature environment. People long-term living in naturally indoor and built environment do not show clearly preference and expectation to heating equipment. It indicates that people have developed adaptation to their thermal environment, control capabilities as well as measures to improve thermal comfort psychologically. 2) The psychologically acceptable operative temperature ranges of the whole body and different body parts were analysed during 60min and 120min. The psychologically acceptable operative temperature (TSV=±0.5) for the whole body during 60min and 120min are ranged from (14.1±0.4)℃to (27.8±0.6)℃and from (15.8±0.4)℃to (27.8±0.6)℃respectively in naturally indoor and built environment and normal clothing conditions. The results are quite different from ASHRAE55-2004 and ISO7730-2005 standards, which shows that people long-term living in a certain thermal environment can develop environmental adaptability. Therefore, local conditions should be considered in thermal comfort research.3) Based on the studies of human thermal comfort based on physiology and psychology, it put up forward a method that to analyze the acceptable temperature range in naturally indoor and built environment.③Take path analysis and PLS method as the tools, it initially explored the thought to establish thermal comfort model based on physiological, psychological and behavioral adjustment in naturally indoor and built environment and normal clothing condition.