Numerical Calculation And Optimization Of The Automobile Brake Disc Heat Dissipation Based On CFD

Automotive brake is an important part of vehicle and its braking performance isdirectly related to vehicle safety. In the automotive design process, the brake coolingproblem is very important. There is considerate concern for auto safety issues causedby poor thermal performance. Therefore, the study of automotive brake’s heatdissipation and temperature distribution as well as identify factors of the distributionis practically significant to improve the performance of automotive heat recession andthe active safety of vehicle.In the study of the brake’s heat dissipation, the majority is experimental research.This is because the test results of experimental research are generally of goodreliability and high accuracy. With advances in computer technology, numericalcalculation has made rapid development. It is particularly worth mentioning that, as anew independent subject, Computational Fluid Dynamics based on classical fluiddynamics and numerical methods has been widely applied in the research of the brakecooling.Analysis of automotive brake disc heat dissipation is done based on CFDmethod:Firstly, with the use of computational fluid dynamics method, heat dissipationnumerical calculation is done for a separate ventilated brake disc plate body. Analysisof air flow condition around and in the brake disc should be done to obtain thedistribution of air velocity. Then, it comes to the analysis of the system heat transfercoefficient and temperature field distribution and the exploration of the coolingprocess of the brake disc under continuous braking.Secondly, the numerical calculation of the brake disc’s heat dissipation is doneon the basis of the vehicle model. Then, the speed and temperature field of the wheelcavity and the different cooling effect between front brake disc and rear brake disc areanalyzed. Because spoke is an important component of the wheel and its design isdirectly related to the brake disc heat dissipation, so this paper focuses on the spokepattern, the hole’s numbers and area on the heat resistance of the brake disc.Finally, the optimization scheme of the brake disc plate body is determined,namely, increasing its heat transfer coefficient and improving the heat dissipation ofthe brake disc by adding additional fins. Surrogate model technique is required forgetting the best cooling effect in order to achieve the best shape and location of the additional fins. The first step is to determine the design variables, objective functionand constraint functions. Then the design of experimental is done to determine thesample points. In the next step, approximate model is used to fit these sample points.At last, the optimal solution is obtained by using the optimized algorithm. The resultsshow that the cooling rate parameter of the optimized brake disc increases by7.86%.