Research On Collision Passive Safety For Railway Passenger Vehicle

Rail transport with its unique advantages plays an important role in China’s transportation, which is a pilot of the national economy development. With the acceleration of urbanization process and the improvement of people’s material and cultural level, passenger transport is developing towards to direction of high-speed, more safe and comfort. However, once the train with high speed involved in a collision accident, it would result in a great loss of passengers’ lives and properties. Occasional train collision accidents hit the alarm to people, reminding people of the need for researching the vehicle’s passive safety technologies. Based on the present research status at home and abroad, key technologies for design and simulation of crashworthy railway vehicles is discussed and the passive safety system for railway passenger vehicle and occupant safety are studied in this paper.Firstly, the basic theories of dynamic nonlinear finite element for railway vehicle collision are introduced, which mainly include the basic mechanical equations and algorithms. Specially, key technical issues in the dynamic nonlinear finite element are described such as the explicit central difference method, mass scaling, the hourglass of control and the rigid wall treatment and so on.Secondly, regarding a200km/h sleeper vehicle as the object, its passive safety system is designed. By using the discrete beam with Matl19in LS-DYNA, the characteristics of coupler-buffer is realistically simulated. On the basis of literature research,6kinds of energy-absorbing devices with different structures and shapes are designed. The best one is selected as the finial case. By reasonably weaken the thickness of board and plug lighting holes in the end structure of car-body, it makes the longitudinal stiffness of passenger railway vehicle distribute as manner of "weak-strong-weak". So the car-body’s end structures are designed to be energy-absorbing areas.Thirdly, aimed at the status that the connect relationship of wheel and track, the connection between car-body and bogie are highly simplified, it is proposed to simulated the connection relationship by establishing the actual and detailed finite element modals of wheel and track. By setting up the actual structural finite element of center pin and traction rod, the connect segments are making between them to simulate the traction device. By using the discrete beam with Mat66in LS-DYNA, the feature of air spring is well modeling.Finally, according to the standard EN12663, thirteen common and harsh static strength conditions are selected to verify the structure strength of200km/h sleeper vehicle. According to the standard EN15227and other related reference literatures, six typical collision conditions are designed to verify the crashworthiness of the vehicle’s passive safety system, which chiefly viewing the acceleration, deformation and energy-absorbing. Draw lessons from mature occupant safety evaluation method in automobile industry, by building the detail structure of sleeper compartment, passengers’ secondary collision in six typical collision conditions are researched, which focus on comparing the occupant injuries of different postures, different positions and different genders.