The Study On The Dry Matter, Nutrient Accumulation And Distribution Regulations In Xindaping Potato

A field experiment was carried out in Dingxi City in Gansu Province in2010in orderto study the dry matte（rDM）、Nitrogen(N)、Phosphorus(P)、Potassium(K)、Iron(Fe)、Manganese (Mn)、Copper(Cu) and Zinc（Zn）accumulation and distribution regulationin potato in Semi-arid Rainfed Areas in order to optimize the fertilizer nutrientmanagement in potato production. Aiming at demonstrating and promoting potatooptimum nutrient management technology at the local, guiding the production ofpotato in rational application of fertilizer, providing certain theory basis to optimumnutrient management and nutrient use efficiency. The results shown that：Potato dry matter accumulation and distributionThe DM accumulation in the root, stem and leaf showed a single peak curve, andthe distribution rate shown the order as leaf>stem>root, while the whole plant andtuber showed "S" curve. The DM distribution in different potato organs changed withthe transfer of potato growth center, and there were two turning points, i.e. the end oftuber formation period（E-TFP） and the end of tuber growth period（E-TGF）. Themaximum DM accumulation appeared in leaves before the E-TFP, after that occurredin tubers; the dry balance period（DBP）appeared at90d after emergence, nearly at thesame period of E-TGF, where the source-sink relations changed significantly, beforethe DBP, the DM accumulation in tuber was less than the total of root, stem and leave,and the positively correlation was observed between the two; however, after DBP, theopposite situation happened, the DM accumulation in tuber was much more than thetotal of root, stem and leave, showing a negatively correlation between the two. Theplant DM accumulation mainly came from the DM accumulation in the tubers. Thedistribution ratio of DM accumulation in the whole plant in five growth stages was5%、30%、60%、4%and1%respectively at seeding period, TMD, TGD, starchaccumulation period（SAP）and maturity period（MP）respectively, while thedistribution ratio of DM accumulation in tuber was significantly differed from thewhole plant, showing0,18%,62%,18%and2%respectively at five growth stages.More than50%of potato DM formed at tuber growth period. Potato N, P, K accumulation and distributionThe N concentration differed in the different organs and different growth periods,and the highest in the leaves and lowest in the tubers, showing the orderleave>stem>root>tuber during the whole growth period. The N accumulation showed"S" curve in the whole plant. The N accumulation concentrated in the roots, stems andleaves before the DBP, showing the order leaf> stem>root, after that N accumulationand distribution transferred to tubers mainly, continued to increase to MP, leading to astorage of more than50%accumulation K in the tubers.The P concentration showed unimodal curve in the root、stem、leave、tuber，showing the order leave>stem>root>tuber during the whole growth period. The Paccumulation showed "S" curve in the whole plant. The P accumulation concentratedin the roots, stems and leaves before the DBP, after that P accumulation anddistribution transferred to tubers mainly, especially in the DBP to phosphorusnutrition balance period (P-NBP), the P accumulation amount reduced quickly in theroots, stems and leaves, and increased quickly in the tuber. Continued to increase toMP, there are more than60%accumulation P in the tubers.The K concentration differed in the different organs and different growth periods,and the highest in the stems and lowest in the tubers during the whole growth period.Before the DBP, the K concentration in roots was higher than in leaves, but less thanleaves after the DBP. The K accumulation concentrated in the roots, stems and leavesbefore the DBP, showing the order stem>leaf>root, after that K accumulation anddistribution transferred to tubers mainly, continued to increase to MP, leading to astorage of more than60%accumulation K in the tubers, which may contributed to thehigher DM accumulation in the tubers.Potato Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn accumulation and distributionThe Fe concentration differed in the different organs and different growthperiods, and the highest in the leaves and lowest in the tubers, showing the orderleave> root> stem>tuber during the whole growth period. The Fe accumulationconcentrated in the leaves, and more higher than roots, stems, tubers. Continued to increase to MP, there are only25%accumulation Fe in the tubers.The Mn concentration differed in the different organs and different growthperiods, and the highest in the leaves and lowest in the tubers, showing the orderleave> root> stem>tuber during the whole growth period. The Mn accumulationconcentrated in the leaves and stems, the Mn accumulation was lowest in the tubers,continued to increase to MP, there are only25%accumulation Mn in the tubers.The Cu concentration differed in the different organs and different growthperiods, and the highest in the leaves and lowest in the tubers, showing the orderleave> root> stem>tuber expect TGF during the whole growth period. The Cuaccumulation concentrated in the roots, stems and leaves before the DBP, showing theorder stem>leaf>root, after that K accumulation and distribution transferred to tubersmainly, continued to increase to MP, leading to a storage of more than60%accumulation Cu in the tubers.The Zn concentration differed in the different organs and different growthperiods, and the highest in the leaves and lowest in the tubers, showing the order stem> root> leave>tuber expect TGF during the whole growth period. The Znaccumulation concentrated in the roots, stems and leaves before the DBP, after that Znaccumulation and distribution transferred to tubers mainly, especially in the DBP toZn-NBP, the Zn accumulation amount reduced quickly in the roots, stems and leaves,and increased quickly in the tuber. Continued to increase to MP, there are more than50%accumulation P in the tubers.