Studies On Blossoming And Seeding Habits And Seed Characteristics Of Wild Aconitum Sinomontanum

Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai is a kind of medicinal plant of genus aconite of Ranunculaceae,which extract is widely used in various clinic because of its analgesic efficacy without addiction. However,the plant seeds have deep-dormant characteristics, it is very difficult to be domestically cultivatedresulting in exhausted wild resources. In this paper, based on systematically studying blossoming andfruiting behaviour, seed filling pattern and seed maturity traits of the wild plants distributed in Yongdengcounty of Gansu, the dormant and germinated characteristics were primarily studied in order to explorethe way to propagate the plants by seeds and provide scientific basis for its domesticated cultivation. Themain results are as follows:1. Based on selecting the wild plants of A.sinomontanum as objects in sample site located at Heilinvillage in Wushenglin of Yongdeng county in Gansu, the development process was measured in thelocated plants. The result shows that the plant budded in early June and bloomed in mid-July, finishedblossoming in the end of August, which had racemes with violet flowers with2cm or so from sepal to thetop and1cm in diameter. The buds in the wild plants gradually opened from base to top in the mainanthotaxys. The flower fruited after3days and the seed shaped in the fruit after15days followingblossom, and then the grain began to dehydrate and start-up dry-substance cumulation. The flowers wereequal to the follicular fruirs without shatter, however, only the middle and below fruits in the mainanthotaxys could have ripe seeds.2. The filling measurement showed that in the seed filling process, the change trend of100-seedfresh weight and dry weight all showed ‘S’ curve which fitted to the logistic equation. The maximumincrease rate time was the14th day following blossom for the seed fresh weight and the24th for the drymatter cumulation in seeds. The seed fresh weight incresed rapidly during7-21d and got at the highestvalue on the27th day following blossom, but the grain dry weight incresed rapidly during17-31d. thefollicular fruirs fell off after36d following blossom resulting in the filling and dehydrate processinterruption and50%of water content in the seeds, which probably caused their deep dormancycharacteristics during fast dehydrating. It suggests that the best harvest time for the seeds should be36dor so following blossom (from the middle to the end of August) during which the follicular fruits are notdissilient and the seeds should be timely harvested in installments.3. The study of allelopathy showed that the different concentrations of the extracts of A.sinomontanum seeds in water and in80%methyl alcohol, had great effect on germination of wheat andcabbage seeds, respectively. With the augment of the concentration for the extracts, the inhibitingenhanced, Especially enhanced in hypocotyls or epicotyls, indicating that the A.sinomontanum seeds hadgermination inhibitors inside.4. The study of water soaking and germinating characteristics shows that the seeds with3.43g of1000-seed weight had no water imbibed impediment, which could be sopped when soaked for3hours,and saturated after20hours. The seeds did not germinated under15-30℃, but only a few of which couldgerminated under5℃-10℃resulting in2.0%of germination rate when incubate for50d. The gibberellin(GA3) cannot broke the dormancy of the seeds, but it can only improve the bourgeon ability but thehypocotyls did not elongated. After60days of stratified stack in wet sands under below4℃, the seeds ofthe plants germinated by15.0%. With the exception of that, other physical and chemical methods are allunable to break the seed dormancy. The germination process of the plant seeds continued a long timeresulting in seed mildew in losing the germination ability, using the wet sand as beds can partly inhibit theseed mildew. the further step is to study the dormancy and germination characteristic for the plants seeds.