The Research On Technique Of Composting Fermentation With Maize Straw And Excrement Of Livestock And Poultry

As the improvement of agricultural science and technology level, the agriculture developed rapidly. The attendant crop straw had a big leap on variety and quantity. At the same time, for the sharp rise of the quantity of large-scale, intensive and modern nursery, the animal husbandry in Chinese developed quickly. The breeding of livestock and poultry turned to intensive and factory farming, and the quantity of livestock and fowl excrement increased substantially. It would cause serious pollution with undeserved processing of the straw and manure, such as air pollution, soil pollution, soil pollution, heavy metal pollution and etl. Therefore, the reasonable and effective treatment was imminent. The composting was the effective method for the harmless, resource utilization of crop straw and livestock and fowl manure. The stacking fermentation of straw and manure was utilizing the microorganism widely existing in the nature, such as fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes and etl to promote the microbiology process of the biochemical transformation from the biodegradable organic matter to stable humus. The fermentation technology of processing agricultural waste conld contral the pollution in the lowest level, and recover generous materials and energy resource. Choosing maize straw、corn cob、cattle excrement、chicken excrement and pig excrement as test material, and designing orthogonal test with different C/N、fermenting agent and moisture content to study the best technical parameters of composting in packing bag and in plastic bucket, and the influence of fermentation microbial agent on composting process provided a theoretical basis for the compost of a small amount of agricultural wastes. The main results were as follows:1、Study on maize straw and excrement of livestock and poultry compost in packing bagsTo study the best technical parameters of maize straw and livestock and fowl excrement (cattle manure, pig manure and chicken manure) compost in packing bags for getting efficient organic fertilizeer, orthogonal test (L9(34)) was designed with different C/N、fermenting inoculum and moisture content. The result showed that:the formula, which was C/N 35～40:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 55%～65%(A3B2D3)was the optimum formula of maize straw and cattle manure composting in packing bags; the formula, which was C/N 25～35:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 40%-55%(A2B2D2) was the optimum formula of maize straw and chicken manure composting in packing bags; and the formula, which was C/N 25～35:1, fermenting inoculum Bio and moisture content 40%～55%(A2B3D2) was the optimum formula of maize straw and pig manure composting in packing bags.2、Study on com cob and excrement of livestock and poultry compost in packing bagsTo choose the best technical parameters of com cob and cattle manure, pig manure and chicken manure compost in packing bags respectively, orthogonal test (L9(34)) was designed with different C/N, fermenting inoculum and moisture content. The result showed that:the formula, which was C/N 25-35:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 40%～55%(A2B2D2)was the optimum formula of corn cob and cattle manure composting in packing bags; the formula, which was C/N 25-35:1, fermenting inoculum Bio and moisture content 55%～65%(A2B3D3) was the optimum formula of corn cob and chicken manure composting in packing bags; and the formula, which was C/N 25～35:1, fermenting inoculum Bio and moisture content 55%～65%(A3B3D3) was the optimum formula of corn cob and pig manure composting in packing bags.3、Study on maize straw and excrement of livestock and poultry compost in plastic bucketTo study the best technical parameters of maize straw and livestock and fowl excrement compost in plastic bucket for getting efficient organic fertilizeer, orthogonal test (L9(34)) was designed with different C/N、fermenting inoculum and moisture content. The result showed that:the formula, which was C/N 20～25:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 30%-40% (A1B2Dt)was the optimum formula of maize straw and cattle manure composting in plastic bucket; the formula, which was C/N 25～35:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 40%～55%(A2B2D2) was the optimum formula of maize straw and chicken manure composting in plastic bucket; and the formula, which was C/N 25～35:1, fermenting inoculum VT-1000 and moisture content 55%～65%(A2B2D3) was the optimum formula of maize straw and pig manure composting in plastic bucket.4、The effect of the fermentation microbial agentThe comparison between adding microbial inoculum or not showed that the rising speed of temperature and the duration of high temperature of the compost adding microbial inoculum were both better. After the composting, total nitrogen, the total phosphorus and total potassium were increased, and the amplitude was higher than the test which was not added microbial inoculum.