| Objective To investigate the pollution of the avian influenza virus at the places for selling live poultry and killing live poultry of farmer’s markets in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from2010to2011; To study the distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and its subtypes of H5、 H7and H9in environment specimens of fanner’s market, in order to provide the scientific evidence for the policy of effective control and prevention of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza.Methods1.The farmer’s market which satisfy the condition of making observation was selected for observation throughout the region, each farmer’s markets as a sample point, water, smudge, wipe the surface of manure and cage were cllected, specimens was collected once in every quarter at each observation place, the number of specimens no less than3at a time, and no less than12for one year, after samples collected, transport them at4℃within48hours to monitor laboratory.2.laboratory testing was taken for avian influenza viruses nucleic acid test within1week after samples collected, the followed detection marks include H5, H7and H9subtype for those positive samples.Specific detection of H5,H9and H7subtypes were detected according to following schedure:first, subtype of H5of the specimens were measured, if the result is negative, to detect subtype of H9, if H9is negative, then detect subtypes for H7.3. data analysis:the database was created and data entry with Epidata3.0, used Spss13.0software for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with the RX C chi-square test or calculation of exact probability, with P<0.05as there is significant differences in statistically.Results1. The results of detection for avain influenza viruses and its subtype of H5、H9and H7in trade market of Guangxi from2010to2011:the distribution of avian influenza virus of environment specimens of famer’s market was investigated in Guangxi2010-2011, involving14city of62famer’s market, total649specimens were collected and examined in2010, the results showed that128positive for avian influenza virue, positive rate is19.7%,83specimens is positive for H5, accounted for64.8%, H9positive for12specimens, accounted for8.6%, H7positive for1specimens, accounted for0.8%,33specimens were negative for any subtype, accounted for25.8%. In the year2011,1470specimens were collected and tested, as a result, avian influenza virue positive557, positive rate for37.9%, subtype of H5positive for245specimens, accounted for44.0%, H9is positive for222specimens, accounted for40.0%, H7positive for5specimens, accounted for0.9%,85specimens is negative for any subtype, accounting for15.3%.2. The results of detection of avain influenza virus and its subtypes of H5and H7and H9in three kinds of environmental samples:There are avain influenza virus in all kinds of environmental samples, which sewage specimens collected707specimens, and352specimens polluted avain influenza virus, positive rate49.8%, positive rate is located in the first of three kinds of specimens, second to cage with smudge specimens, positive rate for29.05%, stool specimens collected698specimens, with126specimens poluting virus, positive rate is18.1%, there is significance differences in statistics of positive rate for three kinds of environmental samples,x2=167.2,P=0.000. sewage specimens with subtype of H5positive is the highest proportion of total positive in all specimens, accounted for52.0%, detection of H9subtype in the cage with coated specimens, positive rate is higher than the other two types of specimens, accounted for34.3%.3. place distribution of avian influenza virus:cities which with high positive rate of avain influenza virus in environmental specimens are the Beihai, Chongzuo, Hechi, Guilin, Qinzhou and Wuzhou2010, while in2011environmental samples collected high positive rate of avain influenza virus are the Hechi, Nanning, Laibin,Qinzhou, Guilin and Chongzuo.4. The results of detection for avain influenza viruses and its subtype of H5、H9and H7in different quarterly:the2nd quarter is the highest positive rate for avain influenza virus, positive rate is39.2%, there is significance differences in statistics of positive rate for different quarterly,x2=16.8,P=0.001; When comparing constitute of subtypes in different quarters, there is significance differences in statistics of positive rate for different quarterly, P=0.04, indicate that we can get the result that the detection of subtypes are associated with different quarters.Conclusions1. In all cities, avain influenza virus can be detected except liuzhou, indicating avian influenza virus is widely distributed in environmental samples of Guangxi’s fanner’s markets.2. Different kinds of environment specimens have different pollution situation of avain influenza virus and its subtype of H5, H7and H9:There are avain influenza virus in three kinds of environmental samples, both highest positive rate of avain influenza virus and subtype of H5are sewage specimens, sewage of farmer’s market should be strengthened in the Surveillance of avain influenza virus etiology, beside manage poultry drinking water, management of poultry manure should be strengthened. To avoid people transmission of the virus when contacting with the poultry.3. Our study showed the more serious of environment polluted the virus in farmer’s market are from April to June, there is a distinct seasonal, thus Prevention should be implemented before the arrival of avian influenza highly season. |
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