Morphology And Epidemiological Investigation And The Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I(COI) And16S RRNA Phylogenetic Of Gasterophilus

Comparative data collected over3years from September2009to february2012for Marco animals show the species of Gasterophilus composition and infection situation provide effective dynamic data, Necroscopy or Anti-parasitic drug treatment was performed those who live sympatricly in the strictly protected area in reintroduced Przewalski horses (Equus ferus przewalskii) in kalamaili. the characteristics of morphology and molecularbiology of Gasterophilus were studied. In addition, the phylogenesis and the relation of evolution of the many kinds of domestic fly larvae were studied and compared by the related gene sequence(1)In the morphology, the study was mainly to describe and observe the morphological characteristics of the pseudocephalon, the spines (especially the spines on the tenth ventral segment)and the spiracular plates in2and3stage larvae in the unkown larva by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Determination of species was generally accorded to the characteristic of larvae of in stage3and fly morphous, and especially the latter was very important, so morphology was initially identified as Hypoderma Diana.(2)In the epidemiological, In order to provide detail information for the occurrence discipline and formulate effective prevention means of Gasterophilus, the infection rates,the intensity of infection, parasite location, habits, spawning location, the pathogenic role and hazard characteristics were detailed investigated of the Gasterophilus in the Xinjiang region.The results showed that:the infection rates was100%from different equines(Equus przewalskii, Mongolian wild ass, a local family horse), The maximum number of larvae found in any animal was1121in Mongolian wild ass,2491in Przewalski horses,1785in local Marco of all species combined. Six species of Gasterophilus average intensity were identified with the following prevalence:87.73%for G.pecorum,5.88%for G.nigricornis,4.50%for Gnasalis,1.72%for Ghaemorrhoidalis,0.15%for Gintestinalis and0.0009%for G. inermis. The percentages of Przewalski horses infested was higher than local domestic horse and Mongolia wild ass.The main parasitic parts of Gasterophilus in the horse body is the throat, stomach and duodenum. G.nigricornis and G.nasali tend to lay the eggs on the front legs, neck hair in dark equines; Gpecorum was the highest infection rates of the Gaslerophilus in three equines, its eggs location was not found such as described in the literature in the vegetation branches, leaves, equines body hair or on the stone.(3) In the molecular biology, study the evolution relationships between the different kinds of Gasterophilus draw support the mitochondrial COI and16SrRNA gene sequence, compare the the interspecific differences between different families and genera (Hypodermatidae,Oestridae and Gastrophilidae).The results showed that:A approximately598bp region of the mitochondrial COI gene species-specific from UEA7to UEA10was sequenced from larvae of Gasterophilus causing myiasis. The average levels of bases of Gasterophilus:(A)29.9%,37.6%(T/U),19.3%(C),13.1%(G). A+T content67.5%with a bias significantly higher than the G+C content.Nucleotide sequences included398conserved sites,220variable sites,138parsimony Informative sites and82singleton sites. The overall transition/transversion (TS/TV)(R=1.21).A approximately504bp region of the mitochondrial16srRNA gene species-specific from16Sbr to16Sar was sequenced from larvae of Gasterophilus causing myiasis. The average levels of bases of Gasterophilus:(A)32.5%,38.1%(T/U),10.3%(C),19.1%(G). A+T content70.5%with a bias significantly higher than the G+C content.Nucleotide sequences included399conserved sites,105variable sites,45parsimony Informative sites and60singleton sites. The overall transition/transversion (TS/TV)(R=1.08).