The Microbial Inoculum’s Production And Application Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus In Asparagus And Strawberry

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungus are endogenous mycorrhizal fungus which exist in earth, they have important symbiotic relationship with plant.They exist in the root of the plant which including grain crops, vegetables, fruits, medical plants and part of the cash crops. Until now the fungus are considered to be one of the microorganism which are the most significant fungus to the plant. The AM fungus can absorb nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other microelement from soil, then convey them to the host plant. At the same time the plant provide carbohydrate to the fungus for their germination.There had been a lot of research about the absorption of nutrition by AM fungus, including enhancing the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc in the plant and improving the quality of the crop. AM fungus can absorb the inorganicnitrogen, urea and amino acid from their surroundings, and transport them to the plant by hypha. The preexisting research demonstrated that AM fungus absorbed the amino acid and urea prior to amino acid. This experiment took urea, steepwater, liquid amino acid compound fertilizer and solid amino acid compound fertilizer as the organic nitrogen, Asparagus as the host plant. It had been proved that AM fungus had some effect on the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in Asparagus. The Asparagus which was inoculated by AM fungus, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus from both the overground and underground part of the host plant were higher than the uninoculated ones. It was also proved that the ability of absorbing the phosphorus was higher than nitrogen. The most effective of the organic nitrogen in the phosphorus’s absorption was solid amino acid compound fertilizer, improving62.7%relative to the contrast, while the steepwater was the most effective in the nitrogen’s absorption, improving62.4%. The different matrix culture indicated that the addition of vermiculite improved the rate of the infection, at the same time it was the most effective in absorbing the nitrogen and phosphorus, improving89.6%and1.8time respectively to their contrast.In order to study the external hyphae and spore of AM fungus how to take up and assimilate the exogenous nitrogen, we took the three-part pot culture system as container, the strawberry as the host plant, it was proved that due to the AM fungus, the concent of nitrogen and phosphorus from the plant was enhanced, the chlorophyll b and the activity of POD from the leaf was also increased, the reducing sugar and vitamin C from the fruit was higher than before, the total titratable acidity was reduced. Different organic nitrogen in the hyphae room lead to different phenomenon in the plant and fruit, urea caused the highest contents of nitrogen in overground part and underground part to reach21.39and11.8mg/g respectively. The steepwater induced the highest content of phosphorus of the plant to0.397%.The solid amino acid compound fertilizer caused the highest concentration of vitamin C at4.44mg/10g, while the liquid amino acid compound fertilizer caused the highest content of reducing sugar at3.19%.AM fungus were applied widely, while they can not be pure cultured until now, this affected the massive production of the microbial inoculum and their broadening in the agriculture. Now there were many methods of culture, including pot culture, field culture, medium culture, water culture, aeroponic culture, glass beads split-compartment culture, dual axenic culture, etc. One of my experiments was to study the medium culture. It took the test tube as the container, Lettuce seedling as the host plant, six strains of AM fungus as the experiment strains, the medium came from the dual axenic culture. At first both the plant and fungus needed to be sterilized, then they were coincubated in the system in sterile condition. Until now the mutualism system of Glomus intraradices had been established and the sterilization of the other five strains had been accomplished, while it still needed to keep on studying the cocultivation of the five strains with plant and the massive production of the microbial inoculum.There were various kinds of types of microbial inoculum, including liquid, solid, power, pellet, troche, etc. The aim of the experiment was to keep the activity of the microbial inoculum and be convenient to apply in agriculture. We took the sodium alginate (2%) as the basic carrier, added into all kinds of nutrients, then encapsulated the propagule from the dual axenic culture in beads of sodium alginate. Pellets were formed by injecting them into CaCl2. The pellets still had high rate of infectivity beside the plant with the unpasteurized soil. At the same time the pellets which were stored in4℃for2month or freezed drying also had certain rate of infectivity.