| Chaelomium globosum ND35is a dominant endophytic fungus. Chinese white poplar plantlets from tissue culture and cucumber radicle were taken as experimental material to study the mode and approach of infection and colonization of C. globosum ND35ascospores after germination on host plants. Effect of microbial fertilizer with C. globosum ND35ascospores for main components on crops was investigated through greenhouse and field experiments.In vitro, Chinese white poplar plantlets and cucumber radicle were host plants. Infection of C. globosum ND35ascospores after germination on poplar roots, stems, leaves and cucumber radicle and its colonization of hyphae were investigated by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and with immunofluorescent labeling. The results showed that hyphae formed from C. globosum ND35ascospores germination invaded host plants roots and stems from gap of epidermic cells, or directly penetrated epidermis by penetration peg formed from appressorium or hyphopodia; and invaded leaves mainly from stomata. Hyphae invaded roots mainly colonized in the epidermic cells, and very few in root hair, but not found in endodermis and vascular tissues.Infection and colonization of C. globosum ND35on cucumber roots under natural conditions were detected by using trypan blue, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and Cy3fluorescein. The results showed that C. globosum ND35attached and colonized on cucumber capillary roots surface. The hyphae invaded into cucumber roots via hyphopodia, or from gap of epidermis cells and colonized in root cortex.The germination rate of C. globosum ND35still maintains above85%after preservation for30months under4℃. It shows that C. globosum ND35can be stored for a long time and makes it possible to prolong the shelf life of microbial fertilizer with ascospore served as main components. The spore production of C. globosum ND35cultured on wheat grain is2.8×106cfu/ml, more than other mushroom bran compost, but not significantly different. It can be considered to culture on mushroom bran instead of wheat grain with high cost, to reduce cost and realize waste reuse.The microbial fertilizers of C. globosum ND35prepared on four mushroom brans promote root length, plant height, root fresh weight and aboveground fresh weight of cucumber. It can be considered to culture C. globosum ND35using cottonseed hull and waste material of Auricularia auricular for best effect on cucumber and most spore content. The possibility of vermiculite as filler was also studied. The results showed that vermiculite can be used as filler to increase stability of microbial fertilizer.According to the crop growth rhythm, growth promotion effect may be more obvious because of application of high rate of microbial fertilizer. The microbial fertilizer of C. globosum ND35was applied during tobacco seedling and transplanting. It was concluded that, through analyzing seedling height and leaf number, application when seedling effects seedling height and application when transplanting effects leaf number.The microbial fertilizer of C. globosum ND35with ascospore served as main components was applied to field crops to verify the stability and effect on crop yield. Blossom and fruiting of cucumber can be advanced after applicating microbial fertilizer of C. globosum ND35, and resistance to drought was improved. The yield of treatment group was higher than control group, especially yield per plant of the two times treatment was improved118.30%. The root fresh weight and aboveground fresh weight of cucumber were also improved. The promotion effect on sweet potato was most obvious:yield per plant improved four times, and stem diameter, tuber number per plant, leaf and stem weight per plant improved30.08%,93.30%and102.92%, respectively. The promotion effect on height growth of chestnut and walnut seedlings at the age of one year was significant, improved35.94%and83.05%respectively, but not obvious on ground diameter; aboveground dry weight and root dry weight of chestnut were improved161.54%and52.08%, respectively. Aboveground dry weight of walnut was improved100.1%, and root dry weight was improved4%. |
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