| Malus hupehensis seedlings and two-year-old,thirteen–year–old apple trees（Malusdomestica Borkh‘.Red Fuji’）/Malus hupehensis were used to explore the effects of differentfertilization space on growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings and15N absorption, distributionand utilization in them using the15N trace technique.The main results were followed:1.Effects of different root space applying organic manure on growth and15Nabsorption,llocation,utilization of Malus hupenhensis.Using the15N trace technique,we set5treatments of0,1/4,2/4,3/4and4/4root zone applying organic manure to investigate theeffect of plant growth,15N absorption,allocation and utilization of Malus hupehensis.Theresults showed that the root-shoot radio were the highest and lowest in control(the treatmentwithout applying organic manure) and4/4treatment,which were0.95and0.81.Theheight,rhizome diameter,total dry weight and15N utilization ratio were lowest in control, and1/4treatment was lower than4/4treatment,while they were hightest in2/4treatment.Ndffvalue of roots,stems and leaves in control were hightest,while it was lowest in4/4treatment,and the significant difference was found among different theatments.The15N distribution ratioof aboveground parts was higher than those of roots among different treatments,the15Ndistribution ratio in roots of4/4treatment was35.75%,which was highest in the fivetreatments.2.Effects of different root space applying organic manure on15N absorption andutilization of young apple tree.The aim of the studyis to to provide a theoretical basis for theappropriate fertilizer of limited organic manure for apple under field conditions.We set3treatments of1/4,2/4and4/4root zone applying organic manure to investigate the changes ofplant growth,15N absorption,allocation,and utilization of2-year-old,fruit production andquality of10-year-old apple trees（Malus domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’/Malus hupehensis）.Wefound that the biomass of young tree significantly increased as the space of organic fertilizerapplication reduced. Compared with4/4,1/4and2/4treatments could increase72.7%and26.7%respectively. Ndff value of various organs in1/4and2/4treatments was higher than that of4/4treatment,and1/4treatment was most significantly.The differences of15Ndistribution ratio to roots,stems and leaves reduced and the15N utilization increasedsignificantly as the space of organic fertilizer application reduced, the15N utilization of4/4,2/4and1/4treatments were0.89%,1.51%and2.99%respectively,the15N utilizationhe androot biomass were positive correlation significantly（R=0.95）.3.Effect of different fertilization space on characteristics of absorption,distribution andutilization of15N application for Malus domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’/Malushupehensis.Thirteen-year-old apple trees were used in the present study to explore the effectsof concentrated fertilization and uniform fertilization on characteristics ofabsorption,allocation and utilization of15N urea through soil application in spring.Using the15N trace technique,wemeasueed15N paraments(absorption,Ndff,allocation and utilization) ofthirteen-years-oldapple tree and soil nutrient content under different manured system.Theresults showed that,the organic matter,total nitrogen,hydrolysable N,available phosphorus andavailable potassium among different depths of fertilizer trench in treated plant was obviouslyhigher than that of control.The difference of Ndff was significantly in different organs amongdifferent fertilizer systemtreatments,the root and vegetative organs of aboveground portion ofconcentrated fertilization was obviously higher than control,while the reproductive organs andstorage organs of underground portion was lower than control.The Ndff of fruit was thehighest both in treatment and control.There was nosignificantly difference between15Ndistribution ratio of fruit was obviously higher than contol,but it was different instorageorgans between aboveground portion and underground portion,while it was respectively lowerand higher than control except cortex of trunk,while the total nitrogen of plant,15N utilizationratio was also higher obviously than control.4.Effect of different fertilization space on growth and fruit qualities for Malus domesticaBoorkh.‘Red Fuji’/Malus hupehensis.Thirteen-year-old apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji)/Malus hupehensis were used in the present study to explore the effects of threedifferent fertilization space applying equal organic-inorganic fertilizer on growth and fruitqualities. The results showed that,the nutrient content of soil surface was higher,while it waslower in middle and lower level,the organic matter and nitrogen of each layer in trench among1/4and2/4treatments were higher than4/4treatment significantly,but the difference ofhydrolyable N,available phosphorus and available potassium was no significantlydifference.The fine root density among1/4and2/4treatments was improved.The differenceof SPAD in leaf was not significantly among three fertilization space treatments,while the leafarea of1/4and2/4treatments was significantly higher than4/4treatment at later growth stage.The N content in fine root was highest among1/4treatment,while it was lowest among4/4treatment.The N content in fruit of4/4treatment was highest at early stage,but it waslower than the other treatments after the fruit rapid-swelling stage.1/4and2/4treatmentsimproved fruit yield and firmness compares with4/4treatment.The difference of soluble soildamong three treatments was not significantly. |
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