Behavior Observation Of Amur Tiger (Panthera Tigris Altaica) And Artificial Rearing Young Under The Different Breeding Condition

Behavior is the way in which animals adapt to the ecological environment, and it is also one of the ways to know about how animals evolved. Understanding the behavior of the animals can help human better coordinate and deal with the relationship between man and nature, improving the consciousness to protect endangered wildlife. Whether in nature or artificial breeding state, the first job to research animal behavior is to understand all the behavior or certain behavior of them..In this paper the Amur tigers in the Changsha Zoo were observed on their behavior in spring, with allocation rules of activity and time under conditions of captivity or half loose rearing. Besides, breeding behavior and management of artificial nurturing young tiger were researched.The behavior of Amur tiger showed in an certain extent the time distribution regularity under the condition of the captivity. One of the most was sleep time, which accounted for41.36%; walking is27.24%while time for lying down is26.19%. The three acts constituted the main daily behavior of Amur tiger.Under a half loose condition, the activity time allocation of Amur tiger changed and daily exercise time increased for food and patrol territory significantly, accounting for41.76%of the entire allocation of time, followed by the rest time with36.61%,feeding and social behavior with9.63%and6.32%, and other behavior time was5.68%. The peak periods of rest were11:00-14:00and movements for feeding and social behavior were9:00-11:00as well as14:00-16:30.The results of observation on farrowing behavior shown that behavior spectrum of Amur Tiger involved standing, walking, lying down, sniffing, abdominal contraction, expulsion of fetus, licking cubs, teaching and other action. The longest time was for lying down, accounting for41.7%and the frequency of the behavior is21.1%. The behavior of licking cubs ranked second with accounting for33.4%and frequency of occurrence was21.6%. The time for delivery and teaching were relatively short and frequency of the behavior was0.3%and2.3%respectively. In the artificial rearing the tiger cubs developed well. Newborn tigers were sensitive with touching around lips and had reaction to nipple for sucking. The touch sense in other parts of the body was dull until10days of age. Eyes of Newborn tigers were closed and first opened as a crack at7days old. The young tigers at9days old fully opened their muddy eyes without vision and gradually had function of eyesight after20days of age. The movement functions were developed with age in days, such as standing more stable at10days old, walking around on the floor at30days of age, climbing out of the wooden box at35days old, and beginning to action for predation and tearing at40-50days.The results show that the vitality of the Amur Tiger in a captive environment is suppressed and the most of time distribute to sleep. The vitality of tigers in a half loose condition could be restored to a certain extent and the time distribution of social behavior in looking for foods is increased significantly.