Influence Of Microbial Inoculants And Fertilizing On The Turf Establishment Directly On The Straws

Straw is the largest by-product produced in crop production. Straw burning caused theserious air pollution. In the other side, most sod was cultivated in the field and some fertiletop soil was inevitably taken away by sod harvesting, which resulted in the degeneration ofsoil structure. Using straw as culture media for sod production not only give a recycle way ofusing of the crop straws, but also effectively avoid the farmland distruction by the sodproduction. In this study, a culture experiment was conducted to compare the effects ofmicrobial inoculants on the decomposition of wheat straw. The selected microbial inoculantsand fertilizing were designed to evaluate their use in the centipede grass and seashorepaspalum sod production directly in the straws. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) A culture experiment was conducted to compare the effects of six microbialInoculants on wheat straw decomposition. The result shows that all microbial Inoculantstreatments promoted wheat straw decomposition significantly (P<0.05), with the highest strawdecomposition rate of Trichoderma harzianum (20.81%) and the lowest of Guangyu(10.84%). The highest water soluble nutrients ratio after fermentation was produced by Jujing(12.81%). The highest neutral detergent soluble nutrients ratio was produced by Renyuan(13.29%). The highest total nutrient ratio (water soluble plus neutral detergent solublenutrients) was produced by Jujing treatment (25.90%). There were significant decline ofwater soluble sugars after microbial fermentation in all treatments and the decline rangedfrom25.2%(Amms) to46.6%(Jujing) when compared with the control. All microbialinoculants treatments showed significant increase of water soluble proteins with6.6fold (Jujing) to10.6fold (Trichoderma harzianum) of the control. All microbial inoculantstreatments also showed the significant increase of ion content (P<0.05). Combined the results,Trichoderma harzianum and Wotu Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants were the bestcandidate for turf establishment.(2) A pure straw sod production experiment was conducted to compare the effects ofTrichoderma harzianum and Wotu Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants in centipede grassand seashore paspalum, respective;y. The results showed that in centipede grass Trichodermaharzianum decreased the biomass and turf quality; Wotu Organic Matter-decomposingInoculants increased the root biomass, shoot biomass and the total biomass by0.2%,1.4%and1.1%, respectively. The growth rate, turf coverage and sod strength also significantlyincreased and the sod maturation period was5.6days shorter in the Wotu OrganicMatter-decomposing Inoculants treatment then the control.. In seashore paspalum,Trichoderma harzianum also shorten the sod maturation period, however, the turfgrassbiomass and turf quality decreased; Wotu Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants increasedthe root biomass, shoot biomass and the total biomass by2.9%,1.5%and1.9%,respectively. The growth rate, turf coverage and sod strength also significantly increased andthe sod maturation period was13.0days shorter in the Wotu Organic Matter-decomposingInoculants treatment then the control. There were no significant difference in strawdecomposition between Trichoderma harzianum and Wotu Organic Matter-decomposingInoculants. The results indicated that Wotu Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants was moresuitable for centipede grass and seashore paspalum sod production compared to Trichodermaharzianum.(3) The various fertilizer rate and the node numbers of sprig experiment was designed forcentipede grass sod production and the different fertilizer rate experiment for seashorepaspalum. The results showed that fertilizer rate by1.2g/m~2and sprig node by6were the bestfor centipede grass sod production directly in the straws, which resulted the shortest sod maturation period (75.3days). In seashore paspalum, fertilizer rate by1.8g/m~2resulted inthe shortest sod maturation period (64.7days), and the relative lower, turfgrass biomass(877.4g/m~2) and stem density (9.0×10~3/m~2). Fertilizer rate by1.2g/m~2resulted in thehigher turf quality (8.3), growth speed (7.849g/d m~2), turfgrass biomass (924.8g/m~2) andstem density (9.6×10~3/m~2) and longer sod maturation period (67.0days) than the1.8gN/m~2treatment. The results indicated that1.2g/m~2rate achieved the nitrogen requirement ofseashore paspalum sod production directly in the straws.