Microsatellite-based Genetic Structure And Relationship Of Goldfish (Carassius Auratus) With Sarcoma

The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a very important ornamental fish in China, aswell as a very popular pet around the world. It is known the goldfish evolved from wildcrucian carp occurring for genetic variation. After long-term artifical cultivation,goldfish varieties have been on the rise, especially,with the advanced of moderngenetics and utilization of various hybridizations. Compared with plants and otheranimals, goldfish has much more variation in color and body shape. According to thesarcoma of goldfish, they include three varieties. Such as Oranda, Lionhead andTigerhead. Big head growth of goldfish is not beginning evolution for it is a burden tothe opercula and affects the breath. Sometimes, head growth can become bigger as fishgrowing. For example, juveniles of oranda do not have head growth at the beginning,but head growth begins to appear several months later.At present, the fleshy and beautiful head-sarcoma can be better bred, we have notclear well about the tissue and formation mechanism of them yet. It is very important tostudy the genetic diversity and relationship of the various goldfish with sarcoma. Inorder to study the genetic diversity and the phylogenetic taxonomy of them, weanalyzed the genetic structure and relationship of six populations of goldfish withsarcoma, which incleded the Red Tigerhead (RT), White Tigerhead (WT), Red Lionhead(RL), Black Lionhead (BL), White Oranda with Red Cap (RC) and White Oranda withYellow Cap (YC) using SSR methods.1Microsatellite markers development in goldfish（Carassius auratus）The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a very important ornamental fish in China aswell as a very popular pet around the world. In this study, we characterized18microsatellite markers in this species and evaluated their usefulness in detecting geneticvariation from60goldfish individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from2to6, the observed and the expected heterozygosities were0.1500–0.9167and0.3125–0.7840, respectively. All the18loci did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This suite of microsatellite loci can facilitate future assessment onpopulation structure in Carassius auratus.2Study on Genetic diversity and relationship of goldfish with sarcomaIn this section, population structure, bottleneck effects and genetic relationshipwere detected for six populations of goldfish with sarcoma using simple sequencerepeat (SSR) markers. The results indicated that genetic variation contributed todifferences within individuals, but a little differences among populations. There ishigher genetic differentiation between White Tigerhead (WT) and the other fourpopulations, while there is the lowest genetic differentiation between White Tigerhead(WT) and Red Tigerhead (RT), including the outcrossing within them. Meanwhile, thegenetic difference of White Tigerhead (WT) population was closer to White Orandawith Red Cap (RC) population. And their genetic differences were both far from theother four populations. There were the nearest genetic difference among White Orandawith Yellow Cap (YC)、Red Lionhead (RL) and Black Lionhead (BL) population ofgoldfish. There were significant genetic bottleneck in the populations of Red Lionhead(RL), White Oranda with Red Cap (RC) and White Oranda with Yellow Cap (YC), andno significant bottleneck signals in the population of Red Tigerhead (RT), WhiteTigerhead (WT) and Black Lionhead (BL).