Changes Of Source-Sink Relationship With Genetic Improvement Of Rice Cultivars Released With Different Year Of Release In Jilin Province

The formation of the rice yield is the result of the interaction between the source and sink.At present,there are many reports about source-sink relationship,but the research of relationship between source,sink,the rate of sink and source and year of bred and yield of rice has been hardly reported.lt is especially fewer in the genetic improvement of rice.This research uses33rice varieties bred from1958to2005in Jilin province as test materials to study the relationship between source,sink,the rate of sink and source and year of bred and yield of rice during different years in the genetic improvement of rice. And provide new theoretical basis for breeding work in the future.These experiment species are provided by the Rice Research Institute of the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jilin Agricultural University. Conduct the experiment in Jilin Agricultural University experimental field.Test various indicators of the source and sink at10days after heading,20days after heading and30days after heading, including the leaf area per plant,photosynthetic capacity per plant, photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, panicle weight per plant,and plant grains per plant.Test the rate of sink and source according to indicators above.The results as follows:1.The changes of yield and growth period of rice varieties in genetic improvement in Jilin province.With the same conditions of cultivation and management,the yield increased by65.16%, the average annual growth rate was1.39%and the number of mature days increaseed12.8d in genetic improvement of rice varieties from1958to2005in Jilin province.2. The change of source and sink in the genetic improvement of rice varieties in Jilin province.The leaf area per plant, photosynthetic capacity per plant and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf of33rice varieties increased with the year of bred at10days after heading, but panicle weight per plant and plant grains per plant gradually decreased with the year of bred. The leaf area per plant, photosynthetic capacity per plant, photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, panicle weight per plant and plant grains per plant increased with the year of bred at20days after heading and30days after heading. So, the rate of sink and source have a better coordination.3. The changes of the rate of sink and source in the genetic improvement of rice varieties in Jilin province.Whether the rate of sink and source will affect the yield of rice? As can be seen from this study, unit leaf area panicle weight,unit leaf area grains, the rate of panicle weight and Pc, the rate of grains and Pc had no significant differences from1958to2005.However,the rate of panicle weight and Pn, the rate of grains and Pn reached significant difference with the bred of years.During the47years, it respectively increased by16.92%,6.58%,2.82%,0.47%,1。60%and23.97%,and average annual increased by0.36%,0.14%,0.06%,0.01%,0.03%and0.51%.Thus, with the changes of the year of bred and the genetic improvement of rive varieties, the rate of sink and source have a better coordination and are advantageous to improvement of rice yield.The increasing of source and sink affect the yield of rice directly.Although there is difference in the growth rate of the source and sink, the changes of source and sink and the rate of sink and source are concordant. In order to increase rice production,we should expand the source on the base of increasing the sink and promote the heading and late groups material production.In addition,we should focus on increasing photosynthetic rate of leaf, unit area photosynthetic capacity and better coordinate the rate of sink and source in the future.