| Purple-fleshed sweetpotato was considered as a promising crop in the adjusting of agricultural industrial structure and the developing of agricultural industrial in recent years for its rich anthocyanin with healthy functions. Ganshu No.1, breeded by Crop Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was a new purple-fleshed sweetpotato variety with high quality edible and for food processing, which was suitable for cultivation all over Jiangxi province in Spring, Summer or Autumn. Because of the difference of environmental conditions, soil, cultural technique and the lower storage root yield of purple-fleshed sweetpotato compared with nonpurple-fleshed sweetpotato. In order to produce better economic and social benefit, the identification of characteristics of Ganshu No.1and research of matched high-yielding cultivated technology were necessary to be conducted.Baseing on the variety comparative experiment, a series of field trials were conducted for investigating the yield-performance, economic characteristics, growth characteristic and exploring cultural practice of Ganshu No.1in present paper, the results showed as follows:The yields per666.7m2of fresh storge root, dry storage root of Ganshu No.1were2624kg and761.88kg, respectively, and increasing13.10%and20.39%than those of Ningzi1, respectively.The characteristics and traits of Ganshu No.1were observed and the results showed that its top leaf pridominate color was green with secondary color brown; leaf shape was triangle; colors of leaf, vein and stalk all was green; color of the base of stem turns into purple from green during later growth stage; length of vine was medium; plant appearance is semierect; its vein growth was vigrous; the number of base branches of its vein was6.2-7.9;2.73～4.73storage roots could be produced per plant; spindle storage root with purple skin and flesh. The tuber drying rate was29.03%, pigment content was29.63mg/100g, cooked food taste was3.89grade. Being preservable, even if stored after winter the roots skin remained fresh.The storage root of Ganshu No.1had good sprouting and the cuttings were robust enough to root rapidly and recover the growth at7days after transplaned. The LAI became to2.7,3.9,4.3,4.5,4.0,2.7on the40d,65d,90d,115d,145d,165d after transplanted. The results indicated that the LAI increase quickly during the earlier stage and increase smoothly for a long time during the medium stage and decrease slowly during the later stage. At the same time, photosynthesis was transported to the storage root under the ground. And the weight of the straw per plant became to146.8g,321.6g,529.3g,665.6g,733.5g,711.5g and yield of fresh storage root per plant became to5.7g,15.6g,78.0g,229.0g,502.0g,729.1g respectively. The T/R of Ganshu No.1was reasonable during the growth period and the balance point of T/R appeared during140th to165th after cultivated. Therefore, Ganshu No.1had the self-coordination physiology property for its high yield.The key to high-yielding cultivation of Ganshu No.1was that it must be transplanted timely from mid April to early August in Jiangxi province. Transplanting as early as possible, the fresh storage root output was more higher, but even so, the commodity value of most large roots were affected by the ugly appearance. Judged by the output and the economic benefit, its optimal transplanting date was during May10to June9. Different cutting technique and planting pattern of sprouting seedlings had much influence on yield, and the yield per666.7m2could reach the maximum with2451.23kg if the combination of top cutting of vein and oblique position of cutting in soil was adopted. This research showed that the factors ordered by their influence for production were:phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, density. Thus, the primary measure for high-yielding cultivation was applying adequate phosphorus and potassium. To obtain the highest yield with2500～2820kg per666.7m2, the optimum technical schemes of cultivation had been suggested: nitrogen application of1.150～3.739kg (urea with2.5～8.1kg), phosphorus pentoxide application of5.888～6.556kg (FCMP with49.1～54.6kg), potassium oxide application of20.337～24.329kg (potassium sulfate with39.9～47.7kg), and density application of3009～3628plants per666.7m2. |
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